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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Yukon
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 29.9 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	27,500	23,430	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	175
Male	13,755	11,230	2,525	12,660	1,100	13,625	135
Female	13,740	12,195	1,540	13,220	520	13,695	40
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	27,500	23,430	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	170
15 to 24 years	4,410	4,365	45	4,405	0	4,410	0
25 to 54 years	15,370	12,615	2,755	14,305	1,060	15,275	90
25 to 34 years	4,580	4,240	335	4,455	125	4,575	0
35 to 44 years	4,785	3,755	1,025	4,450	335	4,760	25
45 to 54 years	6,005	4,610	1,395	5,400	605	5,940	70
55 to 64 years	4,830	3,815	1,020	4,370	460	4,765	70
65 years and over	2,880	2,635	250	2,795	85	2,870	0
65 to 74 years	2,000	1,790	210	1,930	75	1,990	0
75 years and over	875	840	40	870	10	880	0
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	27,495	23,430	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	175
Married or living with a common-law partner	15,065	11,985	3,080	13,730	1,335	14,905	160
Married (and not separated)	10,390	8,035	2,355	9,350	1,040	10,250	140
Living common law	4,680	3,950	730	4,385	300	4,660	25
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	12,430	11,440	985	12,150	275	12,415	15
Single (never legally married)	8,805	8,310	495	8,695	115	8,800	0
Separated	700	625	80	660	35	695	0
Divorced	2,025	1,695	330	1,920	105	2,025	0
Widowed	895	810	85	870	25	890	0
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	27,495	23,425	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	175
Total persons in households with at least one census family	21,615	18,195	3,420	20,160	1,450	21,455	160
Married spouses, common-law partners	14,870	11,815	3,055	13,555	1,315	14,715	155
Lone parents	1,915	1,620	295	1,810	105	1,910	0
Children in families with two parents present	2,575	2,535	40	2,550	25	2,575	0
Children in families with one parent present	1,285	1,280	0	1,285	0	1,285	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	565	550	0	565	0	565	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	410	390	10	395	0	405	0
Total persons in non-census family households	5,880	5,235	645	5,715	170	5,870	15
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	180	170	0	185	0	185	0
Living with non-relatives only	1,365	1,290	70	1,340	20	1,360	0
Living alone	4,335	3,770	565	4,190	145	4,325	15
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	27,500	23,425	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	175
Economic family persons	21,390	17,975	3,420	19,945	1,440	21,230	160
Couple family	17,785	14,685	3,100	16,445	1,340	17,630	155
Couple only	6,960	5,665	1,295	6,435	530	6,890	70
Couple with children	10,455	8,670	1,785	9,645	810	10,370	85
Couple with other relatives only	365	345	25	365	0	370	0
Lone-parent family	3,075	2,790	285	2,975	100	3,070	0
Female-parent family	2,330	2,140	185	2,290	40	2,325	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	2,015	1,835	180	1,975	40	2,015	0
Male-parent family	745	650	95	690	55	740	0
Male-parent family with no other relatives	725	630	95	670	60	720	0
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	535	495	30	525	0	530	0
Persons not in an economic family	6,105	5,455	650	5,935	175	6,090	15
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	27,495	23,430	4,065	25,880	1,620	27,320	170
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	5,780	5,355	425	5,610	180	5,755	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	4,955	4,615	340	4,830	130	4,930	0
Métis single identity	640	565	70	600	35	635	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	125	125	0	125	0	120	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	10	10	0	10	0	15	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	55	45	0	50	0	55	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,715	18,070	3,645	20,270	1,440	21,560	150
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	27,500	23,425	4,065	25,880	1,620	27,320	175
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	4,560	4,255	310	4,445	115	4,535	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,935	19,175	3,760	21,435	1,500	22,790	150
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	27,495	23,425	4,070	25,875	1,615	27,325	175
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	5,980	5,485	500	5,790	190	5,950	0
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	5,470	5,025	445	5,300	170	5,445	0
Métis ancestry	550	475	65	525	25	545	0
Inuit ancestry	175	170	0	170	0	175	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	21,515	17,945	3,570	20,090	1,430	21,370	150
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	27,495	23,430	4,070	25,875	1,620	27,320	170
First generation^{Footnote 26}	3,935	3,410	530	3,710	225	3,905	30
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	4,520	3,785	730	4,250	270	4,455	65
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	19,040	16,230	2,810	17,920	1,125	18,965	75
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	27,495	23,425	4,070	25,880	1,615	27,325	175
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	1,520	1,395	125	1,460	55	1,515	0
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	275	230	40	250	30	270	0
Chinese	285	265	15	275	0	285	0
Black	75	75	10	80	0	75	0
Filipino	510	480	30	500	0	510	0
Latin American	90	70	0	85	0	85	0
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	150	145	0	145	0	155	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	60	0	60	0	60	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	35	30	0	30	0	35	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	15	10	0	15	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	25,975	22,030	3,945	24,415	1,560	25,810	165
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	27,495	23,430	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	175
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	23,630	20,065	3,560	22,225	1,405	23,485	140
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	3,550	3,070	485	3,360	190	3,525	25
Before 1981	1,475	1,220	260	1,360	115	1,470	0
1981 to 1990	450	375	70	430	20	450	0
1991 to 2000	550	465	90	515	35	545	0
2001 to 2009	730	670	65	705	25	720	0
2001 to 2005	325	270	55	310	15	320	0
2006 to 2009	405	395	10	395	10	400	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	27,495	23,430	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	170
English	22,785	19,195	3,590	21,360	1,425	22,630	155
French	1,065	895	175	1,010	55	1,060	0
Non-official language	3,380	3,095	285	3,270	115	3,365	0
Aboriginal	800	780	25	795	0	800	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,585	2,315	270	2,470	110	2,565	0
English and French	45	40	0	40	0	40	0
English and non-official language	200	190	0	190	0	200	0
French and non-official language	15	15	0	10	0	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	27,495	23,430	4,070	25,880	1,620	27,320	170
English	26,325	22,440	3,890	24,775	1,555	26,160	170
French	1,050	875	175	990	65	1,045	0
English and French	45	40	0	40	0	45	0
Neither English nor French	75	75	0	70	0	75	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	27,495	23,430	4,070	25,875	1,615	27,325	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,035	4,850	185	4,970	70	5,035	0
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	6,655	6,065	595	6,450	205	6,640	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	15,800	12,510	3,290	14,460	1,335	15,645	155
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,965	8,475	1,485	9,375	590	9,905	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	3,335	2,865	465	3,160	175	3,290	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,490	4,720	760	5,185	305	5,470	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	1,150	885	260	1,030	115	1,140	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,840	4,035	1,805	5,090	745	5,745	90
Bachelor's degree	3,840	2,780	1,055	3,410	425	3,775	60
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	2,000	1,255	745	1,675	320	1,965	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	27,500	23,430	4,065	25,880	1,620	27,325	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	11,695	10,920	775	11,415	280	11,675	20
Education	1,345	945	400	1,250	90	1,345	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	385	345	35	370	15	385	0
Humanities	770	620	155	710	55	770	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,825	1,455	365	1,635	195	1,815	0
Business, management and public administration	2,900	2,290	615	2,650	250	2,890	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	810	635	180	720	90	785	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	440	355	85	420	20	440	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,455	2,745	710	3,185	270	3,400	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	825	610	215	735	90	825	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	1,920	1,535	385	1,725	190	1,875	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,125	975	155	1,060	65	1,120	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	27,495	23,425	4,070	25,875	1,615	27,325	175
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	4,335	4,290	45	4,320	15	4,335	0
All industries^{Footnote 54}	23,160	19,140	4,020	21,560	1,605	22,990	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	145	20	150	0	165	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	830	730	100	765	60	815	0
22 Utilities	225	95	130	135	90	225	0
23 Construction	2,115	1,930	180	2,010	105	2,075	35
31-33 Manufacturing	355	290	60	335	15	350	0
41 Wholesale trade	265	205	60	250	20	270	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,650	2,440	215	2,560	95	2,635	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	955	720	230	880	70	950	0
51 Information and cultural industries	630	500	125	600	30	620	0
52 Finance and insurance	275	240	30	255	15	260	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	210	175	35	200	0	210	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,155	885	270	1,025	130	1,130	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	10	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	640	590	55	620	25	635	0
61 Educational services	1,285	945	340	1,220	65	1,285	0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,560	1,270	290	1,420	145	1,535	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	565	545	20	555	0	565	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,675	1,575	95	1,635	40	1,665	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,015	925	90	995	20	1,010	0
91 Public administration	6,600	4,920	1,675	5,950	645	6,590	0
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	27,495	23,425	4,070	25,880	1,615	27,325	175
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	4,330	4,290	45	4,320	15	4,330	0
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	23,160	19,140	4,025	21,560	1,600	22,990	175
0 Management occupations	2,680	1,625	1,060	2,130	545	2,630	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,990	3,470	520	3,805	185	3,970	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,770	1,315	455	1,610	160	1,740	35
3 Health occupations	975	700	275	825	150	930	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,325	2,395	925	3,025	295	3,305	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	835	795	40	830	0	835	0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,755	4,635	120	4,700	50	4,745	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,040	3,555	495	3,890	160	4,040	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	480	430	50	470	10	480	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	305	220	85	270	40	310	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56