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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Income and Earnings Statistics in 2010 (16), Age Groups (8C), Sex (3), Work activity in 2010 (3), Highest Certificate, Diploma or Degree (6) and Selected Sociocultural Characteristics (60) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8C)

Sex (3)

Work activity in 2010 (3)

Highest certificate, diploma or degree (6)^{Footnote 1}

This table details income and earnings statistics in 2010 , age groups , sex , work activity in 2010 , highest certificate, diploma or degree and selected sociocultural characteristics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 26.1 %
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Income and earnings statistics in 2010 (16)
Selected sociocultural characteristics (60)	Total - Income statistics in 2010^Footnote 4	Without income	With income	Median income^Footnote 5	Average income^Footnote 6	Without after-tax income	With after-tax income	Median after-tax income^Footnote 7	Average after-tax income^Footnote 8	Total - Employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 9	With employment income	Median employment income^Footnote 10	Average employment income^Footnote 11	With wages and salaries	Median wages and salaries^Footnote 12	Average wages and salaries^Footnote 13
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,260	28,765	39,415	183,000	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,390	31,955	40,962
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 14}	171,610	14,380	157,230	19,264	28,001	14,400	157,215	18,888	25,164	171,610	109,670	22,462	30,231	104,290	22,952	30,434
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 15}	112,090	10,350	101,740	17,099	24,807	10,365	101,730	16,885	22,773	112,090	67,545	20,066	27,227	64,885	20,176	27,421
Métis single identity	53,505	3,515	49,990	25,083	33,851	3,520	49,980	23,735	29,537	53,505	38,340	26,569	34,847	35,785	27,550	35,158
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	1,090	165	920	16,358	23,515	165	920	15,929	21,478	1,085	570	19,906	27,117	550	19,919	27,346
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 16}	1,615	205	1,415	25,677	32,533	205	1,410	24,557	28,791	1,615	1,020	33,497	35,369	980	34,827	35,582
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 17}	3,315	145	3,170	28,261	37,564	150	3,165	25,645	32,401	3,315	2,200	31,871	40,458	2,085	32,441	41,514
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,475,225	168,200	3,307,025	29,313	39,958	168,605	3,306,620	27,260	34,166	3,475,230	2,405,060	30,612	40,451	2,197,100	32,441	41,462
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 18}	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,260	28,765	39,415	183,005	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,395	31,955	40,962
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 19}	90,500	7,870	82,630	16,591	23,838	7,870	82,625	16,443	22,073	90,500	52,455	20,062	27,049	50,745	20,129	27,152
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,556,340	174,710	3,381,635	29,170	39,796	175,130	3,381,210	27,158	34,043	3,556,340	2,462,270	30,416	40,281	2,250,645	32,260	41,273
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 20}	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,260	28,765	39,415	183,005	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,390	31,955	40,962
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	197,930	15,115	182,815	21,278	30,317	15,130	182,790	20,598	26,941	197,925	132,445	23,967	32,061	124,740	24,430	32,299
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 22}	150,535	12,195	138,345	19,857	28,783	12,215	138,330	19,412	25,798	150,540	96,780	22,907	30,908	91,615	23,123	31,016
Métis ancestry	51,545	3,135	48,415	26,691	34,982	3,135	48,415	25,065	30,448	51,545	38,565	27,591	35,248	35,805	28,562	35,972
Inuit ancestry	1,735	195	1,535	19,359	28,554	200	1,535	19,240	25,359	1,730	1,130	18,417	29,859	1,065	20,014	30,189
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 23}	3,448,915	167,465	3,281,445	29,237	39,922	167,870	3,281,040	27,211	34,137	3,448,910	2,382,280	30,584	40,447	2,176,655	32,416	41,458
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 24}	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,255	28,765	39,415	183,005	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,390	31,955	40,962
First generation^{Footnote 25}	1,209,345	59,685	1,149,660	24,318	35,448	59,870	1,149,475	23,220	30,705	1,209,345	758,695	28,311	38,305	682,955	30,085	39,721
Second generation^{Footnote 26}	785,325	43,200	742,125	30,967	41,813	43,220	742,105	28,724	35,651	785,325	532,205	30,376	40,595	487,510	32,254	41,422
Third generation or more^{Footnote 27}	1,652,170	79,695	1,572,475	31,208	41,184	79,910	1,572,255	28,835	35,096	1,652,170	1,223,825	31,531	40,802	1,130,925	32,902	41,513
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 28}	3,646,835	182,580	3,464,260	28,765	39,415	183,005	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,390	31,955	40,962
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 29}	963,550	75,155	888,395	21,126	31,314	75,295	888,255	20,502	27,439	963,550	624,835	26,687	35,268	577,685	27,944	35,981
South Asian^{Footnote 30}	245,510	17,470	228,035	22,951	32,418	17,525	227,985	22,028	28,452	245,510	167,080	26,526	35,106	154,235	27,300	35,494
Chinese	376,265	28,115	348,150	18,777	30,680	28,170	348,095	18,407	26,808	376,265	224,055	26,814	36,582	206,705	28,098	37,400
Black	23,510	2,160	21,350	25,770	34,323	2,165	21,350	24,489	30,024	23,510	16,580	29,053	35,824	15,555	30,078	36,276
Filipino	100,665	7,760	92,915	27,134	32,202	7,770	92,905	25,442	28,545	100,670	77,915	29,104	33,381	75,365	29,891	33,811
Latin American	29,995	2,575	27,425	22,805	30,238	2,580	27,420	21,957	26,639	30,000	21,270	26,457	32,785	19,515	27,907	33,642
Arab	10,870	1,080	9,790	15,789	29,810	1,080	9,785	15,491	25,602	10,870	5,865	27,905	39,731	5,305	30,136	40,384
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 31}	42,125	3,495	38,625	21,383	28,844	3,500	38,625	20,754	25,631	42,125	28,965	24,840	31,551	26,180	26,102	32,674
West Asian^{Footnote 32}	33,435	2,815	30,615	17,237	30,606	2,815	30,620	16,894	26,468	33,435	20,770	23,341	36,644	18,480	25,033	38,224
Korean	44,615	5,450	39,170	13,900	24,226	5,460	39,155	13,769	21,635	44,615	23,850	20,054	29,975	20,855	21,371	31,219
Japanese	30,775	1,940	28,840	26,764	38,347	1,940	28,835	25,175	32,682	30,780	20,145	28,479	40,095	18,400	30,045	41,411
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 33}	4,850	340	4,510	27,445	39,570	340	4,505	26,434	33,850	4,850	3,440	33,398	41,739	3,250	33,969	42,254
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 34}	20,925	1,945	18,980	23,449	32,408	1,950	18,975	22,387	28,345	20,925	14,890	26,509	34,128	13,840	27,984	35,073
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 35}	2,683,290	107,425	2,575,865	31,471	42,209	107,710	2,575,585	29,126	35,937	2,683,290	1,889,890	31,690	41,571	1,723,710	33,534	42,631
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 36}	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,260	28,765	39,415	183,005	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,390	31,955	40,962
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 37}	2,448,855	123,520	2,325,335	31,124	41,412	123,755	2,325,100	28,798	35,291	2,448,860	1,765,115	31,187	40,754	1,626,820	32,739	41,496
Immigrants^{Footnote 38}	1,139,255	54,005	1,085,250	24,924	35,858	54,185	1,085,065	23,721	31,088	1,139,255	717,405	28,726	38,387	643,770	30,636	39,882
Before 1981	384,550	4,510	380,040	30,003	42,652	4,550	380,005	28,021	36,499	384,555	206,340	32,013	43,364	177,925	36,076	46,366
1981 to 1990	156,445	2,605	153,845	28,176	38,886	2,655	153,795	26,510	33,508	156,450	110,230	35,349	43,370	98,785	37,720	45,260
1991 to 2000	301,145	13,110	288,040	22,124	31,894	13,145	288,005	21,437	28,071	301,150	204,840	28,648	36,640	185,375	30,135	37,743
2001 to 2009	259,705	20,860	238,840	20,196	29,043	20,925	238,780	19,603	25,568	259,700	179,415	23,596	32,263	165,845	24,208	32,939
2001 to 2005	142,780	10,615	132,160	21,610	30,287	10,675	132,105	20,867	26,662	142,775	100,410	25,038	33,457	92,000	26,170	34,255
2006 to 2009	116,930	10,245	106,685	18,698	27,503	10,250	106,680	18,304	24,214	116,930	79,005	21,592	30,745	73,840	22,128	31,300
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 39}	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,255	28,765	39,415	183,000	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,835	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,395	31,955	40,962
English	2,527,530	115,985	2,411,550	31,541	42,058	116,225	2,411,310	29,146	35,777	2,527,535	1,814,770	31,457	41,314	1,665,780	33,100	42,169
French	51,180	1,295	49,880	33,019	43,942	1,340	49,840	30,418	37,259	51,180	35,060	35,180	43,650	31,680	36,689	44,995
Non-official language	1,018,980	61,130	957,845	22,372	32,816	61,265	957,715	21,635	28,707	1,018,980	631,455	27,246	36,296	572,415	29,026	37,508
Aboriginal	8,320	320	8,000	15,566	20,975	315	8,005	15,556	20,078	8,320	3,465	18,789	25,742	3,325	19,539	26,533
Non-Aboriginal	1,010,660	60,815	949,845	22,491	32,916	60,950	949,715	21,719	28,779	1,010,660	627,985	27,305	36,354	569,090	29,112	37,572
English and French	2,780	130	2,655	24,282	34,212	130	2,655	23,593	30,022	2,785	1,845	23,600	34,365	1,640	25,977	35,807
English and non-official language	44,595	3,980	40,615	25,072	32,969	3,990	40,605	23,833	28,972	44,595	30,340	28,585	35,157	28,725	29,281	35,749
French and non-official language	1,535	55	1,480	27,723	38,690	60	1,480	25,717	33,470	1,535	1,085	28,236	38,069	980	28,472	37,982
English, French and non-official language	235	0	230	22,103	32,189	0	235	21,385	23,596	235	180	33,495	36,184	175	33,487	36,947
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 40}	3,646,840	182,580	3,464,260	28,765	39,415	183,000	3,463,835	26,842	33,758	3,646,840	2,514,725	30,085	40,005	2,301,395	31,955	40,962
English	3,468,340	173,190	3,295,160	29,649	40,033	173,520	3,294,825	27,512	34,242	3,468,340	2,430,185	30,439	40,232	2,224,995	32,232	41,189
French	48,710	1,330	47,380	33,312	44,495	1,370	47,335	30,665	37,643	48,710	33,725	35,238	44,093	30,410	36,796	45,308
English and French	12,950	1,780	11,175	21,073	34,204	1,770	11,180	20,527	29,839	12,950	8,185	24,183	37,015	7,545	25,776	37,513
Neither English nor French	116,835	6,290	110,550	15,048	19,347	6,340	110,495	14,948	18,051	116,835	42,630	17,938	24,432	38,440	18,582	25,069

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 4

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative).

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

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Footnote 5

For population with income.

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Footnote 6

For population with income.

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Footnote 7

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 8

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 9

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

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Footnote 10

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 11

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 12

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 13

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 14

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 15

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 16

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 17

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 18

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Footnote 19

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 20

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 21

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 22

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Footnote 23

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 24

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 25

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 26

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 27

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 28

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 29

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 30

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 31

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 33

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 34

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 36

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 37

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 38

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 39

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 40

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011041.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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