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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Manitoba^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 26.2 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 4	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 7	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 8}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,945	941,700	5,245
Male	463,120	415,835	47,290	440,155	22,965	458,905	4,215
Female	483,820	462,675	21,145	475,845	7,975	482,790	1,030
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 9}	946,945	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,700	5,245
15 to 24 years	165,495	165,000	490	165,295	200	165,490	0
25 to 54 years	477,890	431,980	45,910	458,160	19,730	474,990	2,900
25 to 34 years	150,615	144,785	5,830	148,370	2,245	150,390	225
35 to 44 years	150,245	134,155	16,090	143,435	6,810	149,235	1,010
45 to 54 years	177,030	153,050	23,985	166,360	10,675	175,370	1,665
55 to 64 years	146,055	129,665	16,390	137,870	8,185	144,485	1,565
65 years and over	157,505	151,855	5,645	154,680	2,830	156,735	770
65 to 74 years	86,450	82,600	3,850	84,520	1,930	85,955	500
75 years and over	71,060	69,260	1,795	70,160	895	70,785	270
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 10}	946,940	878,510	68,430	916,005	30,945	941,700	5,245
Married or living with a common-law partner	552,240	496,385	55,855	526,395	25,850	547,725	4,515
Married (and not separated)	474,995	424,210	50,785	451,210	23,795	470,775	4,225
Living common law	77,240	72,170	5,070	75,185	2,055	76,950	290
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	394,705	382,125	12,575	389,605	5,095	393,975	730
Single (never legally married)	270,655	265,030	5,625	268,570	2,085	270,415	245
Separated	22,660	20,875	1,780	21,880	780	22,555	100
Divorced	50,025	46,500	3,520	48,585	1,440	49,835	195
Widowed	51,365	49,715	1,650	50,580	785	51,175	190
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 11}	946,945	878,510	68,430	916,000	30,940	941,695	5,245
Total persons in households with at least one census family	777,455	717,480	59,975	749,990	27,470	772,740	4,715
Married spouses, common-law partners	545,120	489,660	55,465	519,485	25,640	540,645	4,480
Lone parents	55,080	51,935	3,150	53,880	1,205	54,915	170
Children in families with two parents present	113,065	112,430	635	112,825	240	113,050	20
Children in families with one parent present	42,500	42,205	300	42,380	120	42,465	30
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	14,250	13,965	285	14,070	185	14,245	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	7,435	7,285	150	7,350	85	7,425	0
Total persons in non-census family households	169,485	161,030	8,455	166,015	3,475	168,955	530
Living with relatives^{Footnote 13}	10,905	10,570	340	10,810	95	10,895	0
Living with non-relatives only	27,680	26,975	710	27,465	220	27,665	15
Living alone	130,895	123,490	7,410	127,740	3,155	130,395	500
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 14}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,700	5,245
Economic family persons	780,930	720,765	60,165	753,450	27,480	776,210	4,720
Couple family	669,130	612,945	56,185	643,170	25,955	664,635	4,495
Couple only	240,950	221,195	19,755	231,775	9,175	239,275	1,675
Couple with children	419,895	383,795	36,100	403,255	16,640	417,080	2,815
Couple with other relatives only	8,280	7,955	325	8,135	145	8,280	0
Lone-parent family	91,350	87,950	3,400	90,045	1,305	91,150	200
Female-parent family	72,300	70,080	2,225	71,510	790	72,185	115
Female-parent family with no other relatives	66,045	63,920	2,125	65,320	720	65,930	115
Male-parent family	19,050	17,870	1,180	18,540	515	18,965	85
Male-parent family with no other relatives	17,505	16,380	1,130	16,990	515	17,420	85
Other economic family^{Footnote 15}	20,450	19,875	575	20,235	215	20,425	25
Persons not in an economic family	166,015	157,750	8,265	162,555	3,460	165,490	520
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	946,945	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,695	5,245
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 16}	133,165	129,060	4,105	131,630	1,535	133,035	130
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 17}	72,270	71,070	1,195	71,825	445	72,240	25
Métis single identity	58,990	56,120	2,870	57,905	1,085	58,890	105
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	400	385	15	400	0	400	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 18}	625	625	0	625	0	625	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 19}	875	850	25	875	0	875	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	813,775	749,455	64,325	784,370	29,405	808,660	5,115
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 20}	946,940	878,510	68,430	916,000	30,940	941,695	5,245
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 21}	70,840	69,705	1,140	70,445	395	70,825	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	876,105	808,805	67,295	845,555	30,545	870,870	5,230
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,700	5,245
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 23}	135,175	130,610	4,565	133,480	1,695	134,980	195
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 24}	84,525	82,550	1,975	83,805	725	84,475	50
Métis ancestry	55,200	52,415	2,785	54,185	1,010	55,050	145
Inuit ancestry	490	445	45	490	0	490	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 25}	811,765	747,900	63,865	782,515	29,250	806,715	5,055
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 26}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,695	5,245
First generation^{Footnote 27}	175,370	165,465	9,910	170,700	4,670	174,480	890
Second generation^{Footnote 28}	159,535	147,535	12,000	153,865	5,670	158,430	1,100
Third generation or more^{Footnote 29}	612,035	565,510	46,530	591,435	20,600	608,780	3,255
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 30}	946,945	878,510	68,430	916,000	30,945	941,700	5,245
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 31}	117,755	112,675	5,080	115,615	2,145	117,390	370
South Asian^{Footnote 32}	19,440	18,105	1,330	18,795	640	19,285	155
Chinese	14,285	13,380	905	13,905	385	14,215	70
Black	13,980	13,410	570	13,755	225	13,940	40
Filipino	45,000	43,985	1,015	44,680	315	44,975	25
Latin American	7,290	7,005	285	7,190	100	7,270	20
Arab	2,220	2,070	150	2,110	105	2,195	20
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 33}	6,120	5,915	205	6,055	70	6,115	0
West Asian^{Footnote 34}	1,455	1,365	90	1,390	65	1,450	0
Korean	2,410	2,315	100	2,360	50	2,400	0
Japanese	1,405	1,285	125	1,350	55	1,395	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 35}	1,395	1,265	135	1,335	60	1,380	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 36}	2,760	2,585	180	2,690	70	2,765	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 37}	829,185	765,830	63,355	800,390	28,800	824,315	4,875
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	946,940	878,505	68,435	916,000	30,945	941,695	5,245
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	774,370	715,575	58,800	747,965	26,400	769,990	4,375
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	165,005	155,585	9,415	160,605	4,395	164,215	790
Before 1981	55,670	51,075	4,595	53,415	2,255	55,240	435
1981 to 1990	21,950	20,370	1,580	21,230	720	21,845	100
1991 to 2000	24,285	22,885	1,400	23,705	585	24,195	95
2001 to 2009	49,835	48,115	1,725	49,040	800	49,675	160
2001 to 2005	19,895	18,855	1,040	19,425	465	19,820	65
2006 to 2009	29,945	29,260	685	29,610	335	29,855	90
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 41}	946,945	878,510	68,430	916,000	30,940	941,695	5,245
English	686,055	631,200	54,855	661,085	24,970	681,850	4,210
French	34,690	32,025	2,660	33,635	1,050	34,565	130
Non-official language	213,280	202,920	10,360	208,550	4,725	212,380	895
Aboriginal	27,080	26,685	400	26,975	105	27,080	0
Non-Aboriginal	186,195	176,235	9,965	181,575	4,620	185,305	890
English and French	1,295	1,215	75	1,275	15	1,290	0
English and non-official language	10,870	10,435	440	10,705	170	10,865	0
French and non-official language	700	655	45	695	0	695	0
English, French and non-official language	55	55	0	55	0	55	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 42}	946,945	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,945	941,695	5,245
English	903,235	837,550	65,690	873,405	29,835	898,130	5,105
French	33,380	30,825	2,555	32,345	1,030	33,250	130
English and French	1,845	1,740	110	1,795	50	1,845	0
Neither English nor French	8,480	8,395	80	8,455	25	8,470	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 43}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,700	5,245
No certificate, diploma or degree	237,615	233,475	4,135	235,855	1,755	237,335	280
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 44}	262,495	252,610	9,885	257,870	4,625	261,850	645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 45}	446,830	392,420	54,415	422,275	24,560	442,510	4,320
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	278,335	256,470	21,870	269,760	8,575	277,280	1,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 46}	89,285	83,340	5,950	86,955	2,330	89,050	235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	150,450	138,635	11,815	145,945	4,500	149,845	610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	38,600	34,495	4,105	36,860	1,740	38,390	215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	168,500	135,955	32,550	152,510	15,985	165,230	3,265
Bachelor's degree	113,345	95,325	18,020	105,225	8,125	111,950	1,395
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 48}	55,150	40,630	14,525	47,290	7,865	53,280	1,870
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 49}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,695	5,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 50}	500,105	486,095	14,020	493,725	6,380	499,185	920
Education	45,020	39,905	5,110	43,845	1,170	44,905	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,045	12,425	625	12,785	260	12,995	50
Humanities	23,550	21,370	2,180	22,580	965	23,385	165
Social and behavioural sciences and law	38,925	33,955	4,970	36,315	2,615	38,395	535
Business, management and public administration	87,805	76,675	11,130	82,015	5,785	86,600	1,205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	14,210	11,750	2,460	13,015	1,195	14,075	140
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15,840	13,475	2,370	14,940	900	15,735	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	89,765	77,900	11,860	84,685	5,075	89,220	545
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	13,505	11,735	1,775	12,680	825	13,410	95
Health and related fields^{Footnote 51}	78,935	68,730	10,205	73,870	5,065	77,680	1,260
Personal, protective and transportation services	26,190	24,450	1,735	25,500	690	26,080	115
Other fields of study^{Footnote 52}	45	40	0	45	0	45	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 53}	946,940	878,510	68,430	916,000	30,940	941,700	5,245
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 54}	265,135	261,760	3,375	263,650	1,490	264,805	330
All industries^{Footnote 55}	681,805	616,750	65,055	652,355	29,455	676,890	4,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	29,795	28,530	1,260	29,250	540	29,660	130
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,645	3,565	2,085	4,500	1,145	5,580	65
22 Utilities	8,490	6,040	2,455	7,470	1,020	8,450	40
23 Construction	44,340	40,375	3,970	42,500	1,840	44,025	315
31-33 Manufacturing	58,325	53,340	4,980	56,085	2,235	57,955	365
41 Wholesale trade	23,210	19,605	3,605	21,120	2,090	22,785	425
44-45 Retail trade	75,810	72,580	3,230	74,025	1,785	75,460	345
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35,710	32,380	3,325	34,145	1,565	35,525	180
51 Information and cultural industries	12,385	10,780	1,610	11,830	560	12,315	80
52 Finance and insurance	27,895	23,570	4,325	25,560	2,335	27,350	545
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	8,890	7,780	1,105	8,250	640	8,770	120
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	29,020	24,195	4,825	26,165	2,855	28,425	595
55 Management of companies and enterprises	545	455	90	490	60	525	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	24,225	23,515	705	23,880	340	24,155	65
61 Educational services	57,355	50,550	6,800	55,480	1,875	57,230	120
62 Health care and social assistance	90,220	81,250	8,975	85,985	4,235	89,170	1,060
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	14,565	14,005	565	14,350	215	14,545	20
72 Accommodation and food services	46,530	46,050	475	46,295	230	46,500	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	30,165	28,490	1,675	29,445	720	30,035	130
91 Public administration	58,705	49,700	9,005	55,525	3,175	58,435	270
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 56}	946,940	878,510	68,435	916,000	30,940	941,700	5,245
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	265,135	261,760	3,375	263,645	1,485	264,805	330
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	681,805	616,755	65,055	652,350	29,455	676,890	4,915
0 Management occupations	73,055	55,545	17,505	63,405	9,650	71,205	1,855
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	106,115	98,680	7,435	102,705	3,410	105,435	675
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35,500	27,835	7,665	32,350	3,150	35,260	245
3 Health occupations	49,495	41,250	8,245	45,295	4,195	48,330	1,165
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	89,740	79,250	10,485	86,165	3,570	89,285	455
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15,465	14,880	585	15,245	220	15,430	35
6 Sales and service occupations	159,280	155,550	3,730	157,395	1,880	159,060	220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	101,685	95,105	6,585	99,470	2,215	101,485	195
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20,410	19,105	1,310	19,715	700	20,360	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	31,070	29,550	1,515	30,605	465	31,040	25

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 4

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 7

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 8

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 9

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 10

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 11

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 14

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 15

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 17

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 18

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 19

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 22

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 24

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 26

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 27

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 28

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 29

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 30

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 31

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 32

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 34

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 35

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 37

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 38

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 41

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 43

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 44

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 45

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 46

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 47

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 48

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 49

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 50

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 51

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 52

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 53

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 54

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 55

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 56

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 57