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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Income and Labour Characteristics (334) and Low-income Geographic Concentration in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Census Metropolitan Areas and Tracted Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, income and labour characteristics and low-income geographic concentration in 2010 for the population in private households in Fredericton
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 24.3 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural, income and labour characteristics (334)	Low-income geographic concentration in 2010 (6)
	Total - Low-income geographic concentration in 2010^Footnote 2	Applicable census tracts^Footnote 3	Prevalence of low income less than 30% in census tract	Prevalence of low income 30% or more in census tract	Prevalence of low income 40% or more in census tract	Outside applicable census tracts^Footnote 4
Number of census tracts^{Footnote 5}	27	22	21	1	1	5
Total - Sex and age groups^{Footnote 6}	93,085	89,800	89,345	460	455	3,285
Less than 15 years	15,500	14,840	14,835	0	0	655
15 to 24 years	13,055	12,295	12,150	145	140	760
25 to 54 years	40,110	38,695	38,530	170	175	1,405
25 to 34 years	12,980	12,360	12,260	100	100	620
35 to 44 years	12,970	12,595	12,565	35	35	375
45 to 54 years	14,155	13,745	13,705	35	35	410
55 to 64 years	12,260	12,050	11,990	55	60	215
65 years and over	12,160	11,915	11,840	80	80	245
65 to 74 years	7,300	7,130	7,110	15	15	175
75 years and over	4,855	4,790	4,725	65	65	70
Male	45,165	43,520	43,330	185	190	1,645
Less than 15 years	7,830	7,475	7,475	0	0	350
15 to 24 years	6,650	6,245	6,175	65	65	400
25 to 54 years	19,305	18,645	18,560	85	80	665
25 to 34 years	6,335	6,040	6,000	40	40	290
35 to 44 years	6,300	6,115	6,095	20	20	180
45 to 54 years	6,675	6,490	6,465	20	20	190
55 to 64 years	5,995	5,855	5,840	20	20	135
65 years and over	5,385	5,295	5,280	10	15	90
65 to 74 years	3,405	3,350	3,340	0	0	60
75 years and over	1,975	1,945	1,940	0	0	30
Female	47,920	46,285	46,010	265	270	1,640
Less than 15 years	7,670	7,360	7,360	0	0	305
15 to 24 years	6,410	6,050	5,975	75	75	355
25 to 54 years	20,800	20,055	19,965	90	85	745
25 to 34 years	6,645	6,320	6,260	60	65	330
35 to 44 years	6,675	6,480	6,470	15	15	195
45 to 54 years	7,480	7,255	7,240	15	15	225
55 to 64 years	6,270	6,190	6,155	40	35	80
65 years and over	6,775	6,625	6,550	70	70	150
65 to 74 years	3,895	3,780	3,770	10	10	110
75 years and over	2,880	2,840	2,780	60	60	40
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 7}	93,085	89,800	89,340	455	455	3,285
Married or living with a common-law partner	47,285	46,230	46,130	100	100	1,055
Married (and not separated)	39,515	38,765	38,685	75	70	755
Living common law	7,770	7,465	7,440	30	25	305
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	45,800	43,570	43,215	355	355	2,230
Single (never legally married)	36,030	34,125	33,885	245	245	1,900
Separated	2,215	2,110	2,105	0	0	105
Divorced	4,030	3,930	3,885	45	45	100
Widowed	3,520	3,400	3,335	60	60	125
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^{Footnote 8}	77,915	75,595	75,470	120	120	2,320
Couple family	67,415	65,860	65,750	110	110	1,550
Couple only	23,325	22,920	22,835	85	90	405
Couple with children	43,390	42,305	42,285	0	0	1,085
With children under 18 years	33,760	32,875	32,855	0	0	885
Without children under 6 years	18,675	18,215	18,210	0	0	465
With children under 6 years	15,085	14,665	14,645	0	0	425
Couple with other relatives only	700	635	635	0	0	65
Lone-parent family	8,865	8,260	8,260	0	0	605
Female-parent family	7,125	6,625	6,625	0	0	490
Female-parent family with no other relatives	7,060	6,595	6,590	0	0	470
With children under 18 years	5,095	4,720	4,720	0	0	375
Without children under 6 years	3,355	3,140	3,140	0	0	210
With children under 6 years	1,740	1,580	1,575	0	0	160
Male-parent family	1,740	1,635	1,630	0	0	110
Male-parent family with no other relatives	1,735	1,630	1,635	0	0	105
With children under 18 years	1,115	1,025	1,025	0	0	95
Without children under 6 years	885	795	795	0	0	85
With children under 6 years	235	230	230	0	0	10
Other economic family^{Footnote 9}	1,640	1,470	1,460	0	0	175
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 10}	15,165	14,205	13,870	330	330	960
Less than 65 years	11,985	11,085	10,820	265	265	900
65 years and over	3,180	3,125	3,050	70	70	60
Total - Income status based on after-tax low-income measure^{Footnote 11}	93,085	89,800	89,345	460	455	3,285
Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	91,735	89,800	89,345	455	455	1,935
Low-income population	13,240	12,520	12,225	300	300	720
Prevalence of low income %	14.4	13.9	13.7	65.9	65.9	37.2
Low-income concentration ratio %^{Footnote 12}	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	2.4	2.4	not applicable ...
Other population	78,495	77,275	77,125	155	155	1,215
Concept not applicable^{Footnote 13}	1,350	0	0	0	0	1,350
Total population in private households by citizenship^{Footnote 14}	93,085	89,800	89,345	455	455	3,285
Canadian citizens	90,140	87,230	86,825	405	405	2,905
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,145	17,435	17,425	0	0	710
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	71,985	69,795	69,395	400	400	2,195
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 15}	2,950	2,565	2,520	50	50	380
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 16}	93,085	89,800	89,345	460	455	3,285
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 17}	85,940	83,205	82,820	390	390	2,730
Immigrants^{Footnote 18}	6,305	6,005	5,955	50	50	300
Before 1971	1,495	1,460	1,460	0	0	35
1971 to 1980	890	870	860	10	10	20
1981 to 1990	720	695	695	0	0	25
1991 to 2000	775	740	740	0	0	35
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 19}	2,435	2,240	2,205	35	35	195
2001 to 2005	715	690	680	0	0	25
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 20}	1,720	1,550	1,525	25	25	165
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 21}	840	585	570	15	15	255
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^{Footnote 22}	6,310	6,005	5,955	50	50	300
Under 5 years	880	855	850	0	0	25
5 to 14 years	1,330	1,290	1,285	0	0	35
15 to 24 years	1,320	1,260	1,255	0	0	60
25 to 44 years	2,420	2,245	2,210	35	35	175
45 years and over	355	355	355	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 23}	93,085	89,800	89,345	460	455	3,285
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 24}	85,935	83,205	82,820	385	390	2,730
Born in province of residence	66,265	64,010	63,740	270	265	2,255
Born outside province of residence	19,675	19,200	19,080	120	120	470
Immigrants^{Footnote 25}	6,305	6,000	5,950	50	50	305
Americas	1,385	1,310	1,300	0	0	80
United States	930	885	875	0	0	40
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	60	60	60	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	40	40	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	70	50	50	0	0	0
Colombia	110	105	110	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	140	135	135	0	0	0
Europe	2,510	2,465	2,435	25	25	50
United Kingdom^{Footnote 26}	1,235	1,225	1,215	0	0	0
Italy	25	25	25	0	0	0
Germany	365	355	355	0	0	0
Poland	35	30	35	0	0	0
Portugal	25	25	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	225	225	230	0	0	0
France	35	30	30	0	0	0
Romania	60	65	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	35	35	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	20	20	0	0	0
Croatia	35	35	35	0	0	0
Hungary	35	35	35	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	100	100	100	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	45	40	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	215	200	190	0	0	0
Africa	405	395	395	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	30	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	55	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	25	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	40	40	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	225	220	220	0	0	0
Asia	1,925	1,760	1,745	0	0	170
India	210	215	215	0	0	0
China^{Footnote 27}	420	340	330	0	0	80
Philippines	180	170	165	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 28}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	85	80	85	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	15	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 29}	145	120	115	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 30}	480	450	450	0	0	30
Lebanon	125	125	125	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	25	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	35	40	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	20	20	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	145	145	145	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 31}	75	80	75	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 32}	75	75	75	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 33}	840	590	570	20	15	250
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 34}	93,080	89,800	89,345	455	455	3,285
First generation^{Footnote 35}	7,480	6,910	6,840	70	70	575
Second generation^{Footnote 36}	7,965	7,635	7,605	30	30	325
Third generation or more^{Footnote 37}	77,640	75,255	74,890	360	360	2,385
Total population in private households by visible minority^{Footnote 38}	93,085	89,800	89,345	455	455	3,285
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 39}	4,490	4,020	3,990	30	30	475
South Asian^{Footnote 40}	945	840	830	0	0	110
Chinese	910	670	645	25	25	245
Black	815	785	785	0	0	25
Filipino	215	200	200	0	0	0
Latin American	385	355	355	0	0	30
Arab	260	255	260	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 41}	55	50	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Footnote 42}	140	135	135	0	0	0
Korean	555	520	520	0	0	35
Japanese	105	100	105	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 43}	20	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 44}	85	90	90	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 45}	88,590	85,780	85,355	430	425	2,810
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	93,085	89,800	89,345	455	455	3,280
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 46}	3,455	2,220	2,215	0	0	1,235
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 47}	2,875	1,680	1,680	0	0	1,200
Métis single identity	395	375	380	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	55	55	55	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 48}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 49}	105	85	85	0	0	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	89,630	87,580	87,130	450	450	2,050
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 50}	93,085	89,800	89,340	460	460	3,280
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 51}	2,420	1,240	1,235	0	0	1,185
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	90,665	88,565	88,105	455	455	2,100
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 52}	93,085	89,800	89,345	460	455	3,280
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 53}	5,120	3,880	3,865	20	20	1,240
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 54}	4,480	3,250	3,240	10	10	1,225
Métis ancestry	545	530	525	0	0	0
Inuit ancestry	145	140	135	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 55}	87,965	85,920	85,485	440	440	2,045
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 56}	93,085	89,800	89,345	460	460	3,285
English	82,070	79,565	79,180	385	385	2,505
French	5,920	5,830	5,810	15	20	90
Non-official language	4,450	3,845	3,790	55	55	605
Aboriginal	170	25	25	0	0	140
Non-Aboriginal	4,280	3,815	3,760	55	55	465
English and French	300	260	260	0	0	40
English and non-official language	320	280	275	0	0	40
French and non-official language	30	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 57}	93,080	89,800	89,345	455	455	3,285
English	86,785	83,605	83,175	430	430	3,185
French	5,915	5,840	5,820	15	15	75
English and French	215	210	210	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	165	145	140	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 58}	92,160	88,895	88,450	450	450	3,260
Non-movers	78,180	75,715	75,420	295	295	2,460
Movers	13,985	13,180	13,025	150	155	800
Non-migrants	8,745	8,380	8,265	115	110	370
Migrants	5,235	4,805	4,765	40	40	430
Internal migrants	4,820	4,445	4,415	25	30	375
Intraprovincial migrants	3,315	3,085	3,065	15	15	230
Interprovincial migrants	1,505	1,355	1,345	10	10	145
External migrants	415	365	350	10	15	55
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 59}	88,015	84,930	84,475	450	450	3,085
Non-movers	51,250	49,645	49,480	160	160	1,605
Movers	36,765	35,280	34,990	290	290	1,485
Non-migrants	18,980	18,495	18,385	105	105	485
Migrants	17,785	16,790	16,605	180	185	995
Internal migrants	15,575	14,880	14,730	155	155	695
Intraprovincial migrants	9,415	9,040	8,900	140	135	380
Interprovincial migrants	6,160	5,840	5,825	15	15	315
External migrants	2,210	1,905	1,880	25	25	305
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 60}	77,585	74,955	74,510	450	450	2,630
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,975	11,410	11,370	45	45	560
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 61}	20,510	19,785	19,615	165	165	725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 62}	45,095	43,765	43,520	235	235	1,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 63}	6,260	6,070	6,025	45	50	195
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,285	13,960	13,915	35	35	330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 64}	2,535	2,505	2,505	0	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,010	21,230	21,075	150	150	785
Bachelor's degree	14,455	13,995	13,850	140	145	460
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 65}	7,560	7,235	7,230	10	10	320
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 66}	52,365	50,745	50,520	225	225	1,620
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,795	4,545	4,515	35	30	250
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 67}	12,430	12,110	12,090	20	20	320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 68}	35,145	34,090	33,910	175	175	1,060
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 69}	4,645	4,475	4,460	15	15	170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,080	10,820	10,785	35	30	260
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 70}	1,810	1,785	1,780	0	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,605	17,010	16,885	120	120	600
Bachelor's degree	11,580	11,255	11,135	115	115	330
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 71}	6,030	5,755	5,745	0	0	270
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 72}	77,585	74,955	74,510	450	445	2,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 73}	32,490	31,195	30,985	210	215	1,285
Education	4,720	4,615	4,605	15	15	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,255	1,235	1,230	0	0	20
Humanities	3,185	3,010	3,000	10	15	170
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,315	4,135	4,090	45	45	175
Business, management and public administration	9,630	9,410	9,390	20	25	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,960	1,935	1,880	55	60	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,490	2,440	2,440	0	0	50
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,185	7,940	7,930	0	0	250
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,365	1,255	1,245	0	0	110
Health and related fields^{Footnote 74}	5,730	5,575	5,555	20	20	150
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,255	2,180	2,145	30	35	75
Other fields of study^{Footnote 75}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^{Footnote 76}	77,585	74,960	74,510	450	450	2,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,485	31,200	30,990	210	215	1,285
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,095	43,760	43,525	235	240	1,335
Location of study inside Canada	41,755	40,730	40,545	185	185	1,015
Same as province or territory of residence	32,675	31,860	31,695	160	160	815
Another province or territory	9,075	8,870	8,850	20	20	200
Location of study outside Canada	3,345	3,025	2,975	55	55	320
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 77}	77,585	74,960	74,510	450	450	2,625
In the labour force	53,575	51,885	51,590	290	290	1,700
Employed	49,575	48,250	48,005	245	245	1,335
Unemployed	4,000	3,635	3,590	45	45	365
Not in the labour force	24,005	23,075	22,920	160	160	930
Participation rate	69.1	69.2	69.2	64.4	64.4	64.8
Employment rate	63.9	64.4	64.4	54.4	54.4	50.9
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.0	7.0	15.5	15.5	21.5
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^{Footnote 78}	77,585	74,960	74,505	450	450	2,625
Class of worker - not applicable^{Footnote 79}	19,325	18,515	18,405	115	110	810
All classes of worker^{Footnote 80}	58,260	56,445	56,110	335	335	1,815
Employee	53,610	51,835	51,540	295	295	1,775
Self-employed^{Footnote 81}	4,645	4,605	4,565	40	40	40
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^{Footnote 82}	77,580	74,955	74,505	445	450	2,625
Did not work in 2010^{Footnote 83}	20,830	19,950	19,820	130	125	880
Worked in 2010	56,750	55,005	54,690	325	320	1,745
1 to 13 weeks	4,250	4,030	3,985	0	0	225
14 to 26 weeks	5,560	5,240	5,160	75	75	330
27 to 39 weeks	3,645	3,460	3,440	20	20	190
40 to 48 weeks	6,615	6,410	6,315	90	90	210
49 to 52 weeks	36,670	35,875	35,780	95	95	795
Average weeks worked in 2010	43.3	43.5	43.5	34.8	34.8	37.3
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^{Footnote 84}	77,580	74,955	74,510	450	450	2,630
Did not work in 2010^{Footnote 85}	20,835	19,950	19,820	130	130	885
Worked in 2010	56,755	55,010	54,685	320	320	1,745
Worked full-time in 2010	44,680	43,395	43,160	235	235	1,285
Worked part-time in 2010	12,070	11,615	11,525	85	85	450
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 86}	77,580	74,955	74,510	450	450	2,630
Occupation - not applicable^{Footnote 87}	19,325	18,515	18,400	115	115	810
All occupations^{Footnote 88}	58,260	56,445	56,110	335	335	1,815
0 Management occupations	6,325	6,280	6,255	25	25	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,365	9,140	9,110	30	30	220
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,150	5,000	4,990	0	0	155
3 Health occupations	3,450	3,415	3,405	0	0	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,205	8,795	8,725	70	75	410
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,920	1,870	1,855	20	15	50
6 Sales and service occupations	14,445	13,870	13,740	130	130	575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,285	6,075	6,070	0	0	210
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,050	965	960	0	0	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,055	1,025	990	0	0	35
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 89}	77,585	74,955	74,510	445	450	2,630
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 90}	19,325	18,515	18,400	115	115	810
All industries^{Footnote 91}	58,260	56,445	56,110	335	335	1,815
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	755	720	715	0	0	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	75	75	0	0	0
22 Utilities	1,230	1,160	1,160	0	0	65
23 Construction	3,690	3,570	3,570	0	0	120
31-33 Manufacturing	1,795	1,740	1,720	20	15	55
41 Wholesale trade	1,160	1,155	1,150	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,965	6,760	6,745	15	20	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,925	1,865	1,865	0	0	65
51 Information and cultural industries	1,305	1,250	1,245	0	0	55
52 Finance and insurance	1,775	1,735	1,730	0	0	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	825	820	805	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,520	4,405	4,395	10	10	120
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	45	50	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,730	2,670	2,630	40	45	55
61 Educational services	5,945	5,630	5,565	65	65	315
62 Health care and social assistance	5,880	5,715	5,700	15	15	165
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,075	975	970	0	0	100
72 Accommodation and food services	4,135	4,060	3,985	75	75	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,640	2,580	2,525	55	50	60
91 Public administration	9,775	9,515	9,515	0	0	260

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Low-income concentration - For this analysis, the population in census tracts is classified based on their place of residence between 'applicable census tracts' and 'outside applicable census tracts.' A census tract is not applicable if all its population is excluded from the low-income concept.

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Footnote 3

Census tract - Area that is small and relatively stable. Census tracts usually have a population between 2,500 and 8,000 persons. They are located in census metropolitan areas and in census agglomerations that have a core population of 50,000 or more.

This includes census tracts where the low-income concepts were applicable for the whole population and the applicable parts of census tracts where the concepts are partly applicable. The population in scope for low- income measurement excludes residents of certain census subdivisions (CSDs). Where the census tract overlaps two CSDs with different types, the low-income concept may only be applicable to part of the full census tract population. In this analysis, the population living in the applicable part of the CT is included with the applicable census tracts. The census tract itself is counted only once under 'applicable census tracts' even if part of the population is counted under 'outside applicable census tracts.'

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Footnote 4

Includes areas outside census tracts and census tracts where low-income concepts were not considered applicable for the whole census tract based on the census subdivision type(s). It also includes the population in the non-applicable part of a census tract when the census tract is partly applicable.

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Footnote 5

Census tract - Area that is small and relatively stable. Census tracts usually have a population between 2,500 and 8,000 persons. They are located in census metropolitan areas and in census agglomerations that have a core population of 50,000 or more.

The population in scope for low income measurement excludes residents of certain census subdivisions (CSDs). Where the census tract overlaps two CSDs with different types, the low-income concept may only be applicable to part of the full census tract population. Partly applicable census tracts are counted only once as 'applicable census tracts' even though the population outside the applicable part would be counted under 'outside applicable census tracts.'

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Footnote 6

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 7

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 8

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 10

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 11

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. The is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

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Footnote 12

Low-income concentration ratio - Low-income population expressed as share of the total low-income population in 'applicable census tracts.'

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Footnote 13

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

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Footnote 14

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 15

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 16

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 17

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 18

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 21

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 22

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 23

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 24

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 25

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Footnote 26

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 27

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 28

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 29

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 30

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 31

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 32

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 33

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 34

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 35

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 36

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 37

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 38

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 39

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 40

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 41

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 42

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 43

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 44

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 45

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 46

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 47

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 48

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 49

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 50

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Footnote 51

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 52

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 53

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 54

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Footnote 55

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 56

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 57

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 58

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 59

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 60

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 61

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 62

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 63

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 64

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

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Footnote 65

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 66

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Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 68

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Footnote 69

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

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Footnote 72

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 73

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 74

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 75

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 76

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 77

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 78

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 79

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 80

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 81

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 82

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 83

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

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Footnote 84

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

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Footnote 85

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

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Footnote 86

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 87

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 88

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Footnote 89

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 90