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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Montréal
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 20.7 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	1,844,500	322,350	885,925	9,560
0 to 4 years	106,690	19,335	53,880	1,350
5 to 9 years	90,260	20,105	42,420	850
10 to 14 years	90,510	21,340	41,080	935
15 to 19 years	103,300	24,855	47,215	945
20 to 24 years	134,905	28,415	67,385	790
25 to 29 years	150,835	27,065	77,010	740
30 to 34 years	150,980	21,630	73,890	495
35 to 39 years	133,880	18,155	54,580	455
40 to 44 years	130,650	19,180	51,940	430
45 to 49 years	135,795	21,350	61,695	425
50 to 54 years	133,305	20,425	69,030	430
55 to 59 years	116,930	19,240	62,560	370
60 to 64 years	102,080	17,935	52,320	270
65 to 69 years	78,385	13,180	41,040	255
70 to 74 years	62,285	9,840	29,970	245
75 to 79 years	54,680	8,495	27,125	215
80 to 84 years	40,620	6,200	19,980	265
85 years and over	28,410	5,610	12,800	80
Median age^{Footnote 3}	38.5	34.6	38.5	24.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	1,557,040	261,575	748,545	6,420
Married or living with a common-law partner	773,995	115,365	333,680	2,095
Married (and not separated)	568,420	91,400	181,175	1,465
Living common law	205,570	23,965	152,510	625
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	783,045	146,210	414,865	4,325
Single (never legally married)	549,540	109,300	299,675	3,450
Separated	32,085	4,885	12,915	50
Divorced	121,115	19,895	62,950	540
Widowed	80,305	12,135	39,320	280
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	1,844,495	322,350	885,930	9,555
English	534,330	321,320	1,090	2,965
French	1,114,100	1,035	884,835	2,695
English and French	152,745	0	0	3,895
Neither English nor French	43,325	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 5}	1,844,500	322,345	885,930	9,555
English only	212,935	101,010	1,090	155
French only	508,060	1,035	358,135	260
English and French	1,078,315	219,760	525,815	9,090
Neither English nor French	45,195	545	890	55
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	1,844,500	322,350	885,930	9,555
Single responses	1,746,280	311,135	860,200	5,810
English	435,960	288,520	31,800	2,715
French	933,625	14,690	814,830	2,515
Non-official languages	376,695	7,925	13,575	585
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	65	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	20	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 7}	334,305	7,105	12,030	545
Arabic	52,530	1,035	3,580	125
Bengali	8,335	190	185	0
Cantonese	5,435	130	95	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25,275	635	615	55
Creoles	18,280	145	2,015	40
Dutch	250	0	0	0
German	1,450	30	50	0
Greek	13,065	205	30	0
Gujarati	3,625	95	15	0
Hindi	1,335	75	0	0
Hungarian	1,515	60	0	0
Italian	35,005	500	635	65
Korean	2,915	95	15	0
Mandarin	7,120	210	155	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	6,645	110	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	8,880	155	175	0
Polish	4,665	20	55	0
Portuguese	9,395	75	230	0
Romanian	12,480	160	465	0
Russian	14,525	320	365	60
Serbian	690	0	0	0
Spanish	55,015	670	1,710	35
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,075	1,025	0	0
Tamil	11,665	550	275	40
Ukrainian	1,520	70	0	0
Urdu	5,275	215	20	0
Vietnamese	18,345	320	1,300	45
Other languages^{Footnote 8}	42,320	815	1,535	40
Multiple responses	98,220	11,210	25,725	3,740
English and French	11,450	2,180	4,715	2,795
English and non-official language	29,990	8,035	790	220
French and non-official language	52,055	500	19,290	155
English, French and non-official language	4,730	495	925	570
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	1,844,500	322,345	885,930	9,560
None	1,312,315	246,950	739,005	6,275
English	155,345	11,960	80,700	1,270
French	166,075	44,410	26,095	1,305
Non-official language	168,255	15,145	33,745	305
Aboriginal	180	65	25	0
Non-Aboriginal	168,075	15,080	33,720	305
English and French	18,190	470	855	125
English and non-official language	10,745	345	4,535	90
French and non-official language	13,005	3,020	970	185
English, French and non-official language	585	40	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 9}	851,790	74,625	156,860	3,365
Aboriginal languages	665	185	130	0
Algonquin	25	0	10	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 10}	185	60	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	55	0	35	0
Ojibway	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	210	70	20	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 11}	145	35	50	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	851,200	74,450	156,745	3,365
Italian	121,920	17,420	15,670	680
Portuguese	24,350	1,640	3,770	70
Romanian	19,195	520	1,205	25
Spanish	166,515	13,555	58,955	610
Dutch	2,520	310	560	35
Flemish	295	45	75	0
German	22,470	3,940	6,790	180
Yiddish	11,255	3,560	100	15
Danish	365	45	20	0
Norwegian	475	115	75	0
Swedish	1,065	245	175	0
Afrikaans	240	160	10	0
Gaelic languages	185	110	20	0
Bosnian	385	0	40	0
Bulgarian	4,380	80	165	0
Croatian	1,320	185	100	0
Czech	1,190	85	85	0
Macedonian	220	0	0	0
Polish	12,395	1,045	735	55
Russian	27,735	1,280	1,690	90
Serbian	1,400	90	40	10
Serbo-Croatian	810	40	45	0
Slovak	810	90	75	0
Slovenian	485	45	0	0
Ukrainian	5,065	540	145	0
Latvian	340	30	0	0
Lithuanian	555	65	40	0
Greek	29,115	3,855	1,140	85
Armenian	8,675	530	625	85
Albanian	2,105	75	140	0
Estonian	185	0	0	0
Finnish	355	45	75	0
Hungarian	5,425	560	150	0
Turkish	7,565	290	660	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	5,300	0	905	0
Oromo	6,615	0	1,315	0
Somali	675	35	90	0
Amharic	760	100	35	0
Arabic	137,255	4,935	31,135	690
Hebrew	17,545	6,475	3,265	55
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	205	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	110	0	0	0
Bengali	11,110	795	325	55
Gujarati	6,150	830	150	0
Hindi	9,915	1,745	80	90
Konkani	170	95	0	0
Marathi	175	45	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	10,880	960	70	50
Sindhi	245	20	55	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	830	115	20	0
Urdu	10,900	1,505	90	25
Nepali	345	15	25	0
Kurdish	635	0	0	0
Pashto	915	15	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	14,285	675	660	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	545	105	45	0
Kannada	325	70	0	0
Malayalam	250	60	0	0
Tamil	15,925	1,270	570	115
Telugu	425	110	0	0
Japanese	3,670	560	900	40
Korean	4,310	400	135	0
Cantonese	9,205	730	305	0
Fukien	85	0	0	0
Hakka	90	0	0	0
Mandarin	12,435	835	825	75
Taiwanese	455	40	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	33,825	1,600	1,390	150
Lao	2,000	35	295	0
Thai	915	75	130	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	7,655	95	1,165	10
Vietnamese	27,665	690	2,805	75
Bisayan languages	865	160	0	0
Ilocano	1,710	325	0	0
Malay	1,060	170	100	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,145	4,820	120	90
Akan (Twi)	1,300	300	35	0
Lingala	4,650	15	2,535	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,450	0	210	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	1,470	0	385	0
Swahili	2,380	120	770	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	2,450	175	875	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5,845	145	2,000	0
African languages, n.i.e.	1,280	90	415	0
Creoles	65,695	1,540	24,265	240
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 12}	12,300	930	3,380	50
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 13}	1,822,265	318,690	874,290	9,180
Non-movers	1,556,780	277,920	745,570	8,090
Movers	265,480	40,770	128,725	1,085
Non-migrants	181,940	28,155	91,655	825
Migrants	83,545	12,610	37,070	260
Internal migrants	44,470	9,215	25,040	175
Intraprovincial migrants	35,985	5,190	23,400	125
Interprovincial migrants	8,490	4,030	1,645	50
External migrants	39,070	3,395	12,030	85
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 14}	1,737,810	303,020	832,050	8,205
Non-movers	972,005	187,115	468,085	5,080
Movers	765,805	115,905	363,960	3,130
Non-migrants	474,180	73,015	246,205	2,040
Migrants	291,625	42,885	117,755	1,090
Internal migrants	134,590	30,220	78,960	705
Intraprovincial migrants	109,075	17,075	73,905	545
Interprovincial migrants	25,515	13,145	5,055	160
External migrants	157,030	12,670	38,795	380
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 15}	1,844,500	322,350	885,925	9,555
Canadian citizens	1,610,500	302,510	834,855	9,105
Canadian citizens only	1,493,135	289,130	804,690	8,550
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	117,365	13,380	30,165	555
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 16}	234,000	19,835	51,070	455
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 17}	1,844,500	322,350	885,925	9,560
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 18}	1,179,060	260,115	768,840	7,980
Born in province of residence	1,105,710	215,155	746,695	7,190
Born outside province of residence	73,350	44,965	22,145	790
Immigrants^{Footnote 19}	612,935	55,550	101,175	1,530
Americas	134,830	25,300	17,280	285
United States	13,065	8,360	2,060	145
Jamaica	4,040	3,975	0	0
Guyana	1,950	1,935	0	0
Haiti	45,270	220	12,835	100
Mexico	10,000	155	185	10
Trinidad and Tobago	3,195	3,185	0	0
Colombia	8,060	165	260	0
El Salvador	6,540	25	140	0
Peru	7,255	80	165	0
Chile	4,215	45	170	0
Other places of birth in Americas	31,230	7,150	1,435	35
Europe	176,540	12,735	35,750	410
United Kingdom^{Footnote 20}	8,350	7,540	185	50
Italy	45,330	925	775	95
Germany	4,475	455	380	0
Poland	8,230	490	145	0
Portugal	9,515	180	240	0
Netherlands	1,085	65	40	0
France	30,550	325	28,745	95
Romania	13,760	245	480	0
Russian Federation	7,785	310	260	50
Greece	12,330	400	75	0
Ukraine	5,160	160	115	0
Croatia	860	65	0	0
Hungary	3,185	145	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,105	0	60	0
Serbia	795	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	600	530	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	23,420	850	4,220	30
Africa	118,630	3,890	37,780	355
Morocco	32,545	180	10,190	20
Algeria	33,905	40	9,060	35
Egypt	11,950	980	3,450	100
South Africa, Republic of	500	360	25	0
Nigeria	820	390	25	0
Ethiopia	660	80	20	0
Kenya	400	155	50	0
Other places of birth in Africa	37,845	1,705	14,950	195
Asia	182,200	13,090	10,245	470
India	13,130	1,655	70	40
China^{Footnote 21}	28,140	1,055	1,265	70
Philippines	19,470	3,905	55	35
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	3,015	280	20	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 22}	19,755	415	1,480	35
Pakistan	6,785	750	50	0
Sri Lanka	10,045	710	125	0
Iran^{Footnote 23}	9,140	350	240	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 24}	3,020	195	130	0
Lebanon	21,470	655	4,020	110
Taiwan	1,575	60	95	0
Iraq	2,345	170	70	0
Bangladesh	7,210	415	95	0
Afghanistan	1,500	0	30	0
Japan	1,205	55	50	0
Turkey	4,795	105	185	0
Other places of birth in Asia	29,595	2,310	2,265	115
Oceania and other^{Footnote 25}	745	540	125	0
Fiji	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 26}	695	495	120	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 27}	52,505	6,685	15,915	50
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 28}	152,610	9,420	31,455	335
Americas	35,350	4,005	4,015	115
United States	3,705	2,040	645	65
Mexico	6,065	70	85	0
Cuba	960	0	10	0
Haiti	10,330	90	2,875	50
Jamaica	125	115	0	0
Brazil	2,195	0	60	0
Colombia	4,025	75	110	0
Guyana	75	65	0	0
Peru	1,945	0	25	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 29}	1,265	40	20	0
Other places of birth in Americas	4,660	1,465	180	0
Europe	26,485	1,175	10,430	65
France	9,495	70	9,055	30
Germany	385	0	95	0
Poland	230	0	0	0
Romania	3,255	80	110	0
Moldova^{Footnote 30}	3,500	40	190	0
Russian Federation	2,085	65	60	0
Ukraine	1,610	75	60	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 31}	810	640	35	20
Other places of birth in Europe	5,110	195	825	0
Africa	51,000	1,155	14,975	105
Nigeria	345	175	0	0
Ethiopia	150	45	0	0
Mauritius	1,045	100	335	50
Somalia	40	0	0	0
Algeria	16,440	20	4,110	0
Egypt	2,200	275	255	0
Morocco	13,640	25	2,595	0
Tunisia	2,805	0	495	0
Cameroon	2,305	225	1,650	15
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	1,465	0	805	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10,475	225	4,700	40
Asia	39,635	2,995	2,010	45
Philippines	6,510	1,125	0	0
China^{Footnote 32}	8,470	380	375	20
India	2,730	255	0	0
Pakistan	1,595	180	15	0
Iran^{Footnote 33}	2,620	80	65	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 34}	795	40	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,720	180	15	0
Iraq	620	20	0	0
Bangladesh	1,440	70	45	0
Lebanon	4,160	150	880	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 35}	1,040	45	150	0
Taiwan	255	0	15	0
Afghanistan	485	0	0	0
Japan	490	0	0	0
Turkey	960	0	0	0
Israel	800	25	75	0
Nepal	105	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	100	15	0	0
United Arab Emirates	230	70	30	0
Saudi Arabia	475	130	35	0
Syria^{Footnote 36}	1,040	30	55	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,995	160	205	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 37}	140	90	35	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	1,844,495	322,345	885,925	9,560
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	1,179,060	260,115	768,835	7,975
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	612,935	55,545	101,175	1,535
Before 1971	98,545	13,785	12,155	280
1971 to 1980	66,330	10,075	12,040	120
1981 to 1990	81,365	7,415	10,275	180
1991 to 2000	121,885	9,290	18,830	380
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 41}	244,805	14,975	47,870	585
2001 to 2005	92,190	5,560	16,415	250
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 42}	152,610	9,415	31,460	335
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 43}	52,505	6,685	15,915	45
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 44}	1,844,500	322,350	885,925	9,560
First generation^{Footnote 45}	671,235	64,170	119,625	1,635
Second generation^{Footnote 46}	368,645	113,870	120,760	3,595
Third generation or more^{Footnote 47}	804,620	144,300	645,535	4,325
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	1,844,495	322,350	885,930	9,560
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 48}	10,505	2,860	7,030	145
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 49}	5,555	1,780	3,470	90
Métis single identity	3,500	640	2,770	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	565	250	170	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 50}	240	40	185	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 51}	655	155	435	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,833,990	319,490	878,895	9,410
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 52}	1,844,500	322,350	885,925	9,555
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 53}	2,935	960	1,705	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,841,565	321,390	884,220	9,530
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 54}	1,557,035	261,575	748,545	6,415
In the labour force	984,850	167,905	487,820	3,720
Employed	889,575	152,630	450,650	3,255
Unemployed	95,270	15,275	37,170	465
Not in the labour force	572,190	93,670	260,725	2,700
Participation rate	63.3	64.2	65.2	58.0
Employment rate	57.1	58.4	60.2	50.7
Unemployment rate	9.7	9.1	7.6	12.5
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	984,850	167,905	487,825	3,720
Class of Worker - Not applicable^{Footnote 55}	40,350	5,520	13,955	140
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 56}	944,495	162,385	473,870	3,580
Employee	841,815	142,655	425,015	3,260
Self-employed	102,675	19,730	48,855	325
Self-employed (incorporated)	37,295	6,850	17,100	115
Without paid help	18,705	3,045	9,425	60
With paid help	18,585	3,805	7,675	60
Self-employed (unincorporated)	63,760	12,535	31,195	200
Without paid help	50,070	9,275	26,450	140
With paid help	13,690	3,270	4,740	55
Unpaid family worker	1,625	350	560	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	984,845	167,905	487,825	3,720
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	40,350	5,525	13,955	140
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	944,495	162,385	473,865	3,585
0 Management occupations	99,440	20,365	48,840	425
00 Senior management occupations	17,650	3,835	9,550	75
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	37,480	7,905	20,220	135
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	31,850	5,885	13,675	155
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	12,455	2,740	5,400	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	171,080	31,160	91,655	680
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	39,710	7,385	21,550	105
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	59,125	10,290	34,195	250
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	7,410	1,645	3,195	20
14 Office support occupations	44,310	8,280	22,390	205
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	20,535	3,555	10,325	100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	82,010	12,050	40,490	230
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	51,890	7,500	25,585	110
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	30,120	4,550	14,905	125
3 Health occupations	61,775	9,520	31,440	200
30 Professional occupations in nursing	13,605	2,160	7,270	50
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	16,700	3,040	9,060	55
32 Technical occupations in health	15,490	1,975	8,380	45
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	15,975	2,345	6,725	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	122,015	22,665	64,375	415
40 Professional occupations in education services	49,455	10,505	25,830	155
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	30,225	5,910	18,695	105
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	26,155	3,570	12,945	100
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	3,125	405	2,145	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	13,055	2,270	4,755	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50,270	10,500	31,735	235
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	21,850	4,940	13,950	70
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	28,425	5,565	17,785	165
6 Sales and service occupations	236,590	41,045	110,330	1,055
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	20,590	4,315	10,125	50
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	33,400	4,425	12,510	100
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	46,065	9,505	22,015	200
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	57,680	9,635	29,345	420
66 Sales support occupations	29,895	4,800	14,885	150
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	48,965	8,365	21,455	130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	78,885	10,480	40,195	290
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	24,835	3,065	13,585	140
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	14,105	2,000	7,180	45
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	11,855	2,115	5,840	40
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	22,225	2,595	10,330	45
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	5,860	700	3,260	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,235	720	1,765	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	450	40	210	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	965	40	325	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,820	640	1,230	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	38,190	3,870	13,045	40
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	4,010	405	2,015	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	15,390	1,210	4,955	25
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	8,330	1,210	2,555	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	10,465	1,045	3,515	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 59}	984,850	167,905	487,825	3,720
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 60}	40,350	5,520	13,960	135
All industries^{Footnote 61}	944,500	162,385	473,870	3,580
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,150	235	830	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	840	115	460	0
22 Utilities	5,350	260	4,270	0
23 Construction	29,990	4,390	16,240	130
31-33 Manufacturing	90,105	13,670	36,125	250
41 Wholesale trade	49,820	11,615	20,350	180
44-45 Retail trade	102,780	17,225	50,985	520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	41,370	7,800	18,070	225
51 Information and cultural industries	40,740	6,700	25,185	180
52 Finance and insurance	45,065	7,990	23,755	165
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	19,405	3,760	9,365	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	98,965	18,135	52,815	320
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,200	300	510	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	46,675	7,770	19,695	175
61 Educational services	82,100	17,385	43,070	315
62 Health care and social assistance	113,710	17,485	59,945	385
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	23,725	5,330	14,880	65
72 Accommodation and food services	64,765	11,145	26,345	320
81 Other services (except public administration)	42,780	7,145	21,230	175
91 Public administration	42,970	3,930	29,740	110
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 62}	889,580	152,630	450,650	3,255
Usual place of work	759,585	128,610	387,590	2,735
Work in CSD of residence	564,390	74,655	311,285	1,965
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	130,800	46,275	39,140	575
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	61,480	6,745	36,200	170
Work in a different province	2,915	935	965	20
Worked at home	55,915	11,785	27,765	115
Worked outside Canada	3,920	745	1,445	20
No fixed workplace address	70,155	11,490	33,860	390
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 63}	829,745	140,105	421,445	3,125
Car, truck or van - as a driver	422,030	73,550	209,430	1,610
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	26,085	5,495	10,985	60
Public transit	282,965	43,100	142,905	1,070
Walked	66,540	11,850	37,465	255
Bicycle	24,050	4,500	16,640	100
Other methods	8,075	1,605	4,030	30
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 64}	1,028,820	179,360	512,885	3,970
English	288,990	127,125	44,200	1,005
French	609,885	30,015	428,735	1,500
Non-official language	14,120	400	460	0
Aboriginal	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	14,105	400	465	0
English and French	104,175	21,010	37,950	1,380
English and non-official language	3,280	330	70	0
French and non-official language	2,625	35	455	0
English, French and non-official language	5,745	440	1,010	80
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 65}	1,028,820	179,355	512,885	3,970
None	576,895	93,070	293,895	2,450
English	269,995	21,865	179,715	830
French	145,120	61,940	33,750	620
Non-official language	24,900	1,570	2,715	50
Aboriginal	85	45	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	24,810	1,530	2,700	45
English and French	805	45	35	0
English and non-official language	6,940	235	2,220	0
French and non-official language	4,125	625	560	0
English, French and non-official language	45	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 66}	1,557,040	261,575	748,550	6,420
No certificate, diploma or degree	294,615	37,265	135,880	1,110
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 67}	322,855	66,450	147,835	1,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 68}	939,570	157,855	464,835	3,725
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 69}	153,200	18,605	83,855	680
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 70}	107,540	12,425	60,195	415
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 71}	45,660	6,180	23,660	265
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	238,805	43,935	121,485	1,175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 72}	90,420	13,340	44,660	450
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	457,150	81,980	214,830	1,415
Bachelor's degree	267,330	50,180	126,040	925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	51,235	7,980	21,955	195
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	13,100	2,185	5,610	0
Master's degree	102,165	16,895	51,460	230
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 73}	23,325	4,740	9,765	45
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 74}	939,575	157,855	464,835	3,725
Education	54,180	9,945	29,000	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	63,505	12,375	39,035	305
Humanities	73,665	15,160	38,525	320
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125,795	25,250	61,875	665
Business, management and public administration	213,420	35,725	105,970	775
Physical and life sciences and technologies	46,635	9,020	19,195	225
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	49,185	6,765	21,700	145
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	158,255	19,355	71,785	605
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,865	1,170	4,230	40
Health and related fields^{Footnote 75}	105,830	17,805	51,670	300
Personal, protective and transportation services	40,105	5,270	21,775	180
Other fields of study^{Footnote 76}	125	15	80	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 77}	939,570	157,855	464,835	3,725
Inside Canada	718,975	136,345	416,860	3,285
Newfoundland and Labrador	360	255	0	0
Prince Edward Island	210	160	25	0
Nova Scotia	2,470	1,925	335	0
New Brunswick	2,510	980	1,325	0
Quebec	684,160	117,975	406,875	3,090
Ontario	23,085	11,450	7,125	150
Manitoba	955	550	200	0
Saskatchewan	520	260	85	0
Alberta	1,645	1,045	280	0
British Columbia	2,990	1,750	550	0
Yukon	45	0	20	0
Northwest Territories	15	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	220,600	21,505	47,970	440
Total population in private households by visible minority	1,844,500	322,350	885,925	9,560
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 78}	559,080	74,840	114,870	2,495
South Asian^{Footnote 79}	62,700	11,700	2,255	405
Chinese	53,770	5,590	3,475	295
Black	155,810	33,470	64,920	730
Filipino	26,485	9,095	320	210
Latin American	70,500	2,015	4,770	75
Arab	109,605	3,665	27,120	400
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 80}	42,105	2,135	7,460	170
West Asian^{Footnote 81}	14,630	675	620	0
Korean	4,675	645	255	30
Japanese	2,435	580	250	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 82}	4,960	2,095	1,300	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 83}	11,405	3,180	2,140	110
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 84}	1,285,420	247,505	771,055	7,065
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 85}	1,844,500	322,345	885,925	9,560
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 86}	1,302,640	157,020	599,550	4,265
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 87}	541,860	165,330	286,375	5,290
Canadian - Total responses	547,150	76,940	457,375	3,315
Canadian - Single responses	320,080	27,665	289,060	1,065
Canadian - Multiple responses	227,070	49,270	168,310	2,250
English - Total responses	80,880	60,955	16,385	1,360
English - Single responses	13,175	11,305	1,580	45
English - Multiple responses	67,710	49,645	14,805	1,320
French - Total responses	388,765	40,030	337,805	3,255
French - Single responses	139,915	1,910	137,060	230
French - Multiple responses	248,850	38,120	200,745	3,020
Scottish - Total responses	65,680	47,430	16,755	935
Scottish - Single responses	6,870	4,790	2,020	45
Scottish - Multiple responses	58,810	42,640	14,735	900
Irish - Total responses	111,165	58,810	49,810	1,605
Irish - Single responses	15,035	6,965	7,955	70
Irish - Multiple responses	96,135	51,845	41,855	1,540
German - Total responses	42,890	18,620	14,755	355
German - Single responses	6,760	1,370	1,565	0
German - Multiple responses	36,130	17,255	13,195	345
Italian - Total responses	167,345	39,515	36,495	1,225
Italian - Single responses	107,470	18,550	9,240	360
Italian - Multiple responses	59,870	20,965	27,255	860
Chinese - Total responses	66,370	7,645	5,485	350
Chinese - Single responses	52,410	4,215	2,690	245
Chinese - Multiple responses	13,960	3,430	2,795	105
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	35,160	5,670	28,585	425
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	4,715	435	4,090	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	30,445	5,230	24,495	420
Ukrainian - Total responses	18,770	7,620	2,500	120
Ukrainian - Single responses	5,325	1,115	440	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	13,445	6,505	2,055	105
East Indian - Total responses	34,100	10,990	2,200	310
East Indian - Single responses	24,285	6,005	800	165
East Indian - Multiple responses	9,805	4,985	1,400	145
Dutch - Total responses	9,360	5,090	2,275	145
Dutch - Single responses	1,710	520	235	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	7,655	4,570	2,045	150
Polish - Total responses	39,085	18,520	6,115	255
Polish - Single responses	12,970	2,905	980	60
Polish - Multiple responses	26,115	15,615	5,140	200
Filipino - Total responses	28,470	10,170	405	250
Filipino - Single responses	23,110	7,200	100	155
Filipino - Multiple responses	5,360	2,970	300	100
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 88}	13,930	12,180	1,290	155
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 89}	2,170	2,040	90	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 90}	11,760	10,140	1,200	130
Russian - Total responses	32,590	14,525	2,485	170
Russian - Single responses	10,140	2,010	385	40
Russian - Multiple responses	22,450	12,520	2,100	125
Welsh - Total responses	5,540	4,925	480	95
Welsh - Single responses	320	290	25	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	5,215	4,640	455	95
Norwegian - Total responses	2,930	2,010	600	30
Norwegian - Single responses	265	90	75	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,665	1,920	525	30
Métis - Total responses	3,670	790	2,785	25
Métis - Single responses	550	75	445	0
Métis - Multiple responses	3,125	710	2,345	20
Portuguese - Total responses	27,115	5,210	5,510	120
Portuguese - Single responses	16,180	1,500	1,600	20
Portuguese - Multiple responses	10,935	3,705	3,910	105
American - Total responses	14,480	7,975	5,080	185
American - Single responses	1,615	1,030	500	0
American - Multiple responses	12,865	6,945	4,585	190
Spanish - Total responses	40,640	5,530	11,460	245
Spanish - Single responses	10,285	520	1,375	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	30,350	5,015	10,080	240
Swedish - Total responses	3,035	1,875	520	30
Swedish - Single responses	350	80	15	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	2,690	1,795	500	30
Hungarian - Total responses	13,610	5,450	1,430	65
Hungarian - Single responses	4,520	825	200	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	9,090	4,630	1,225	50
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 91}	1,557,040	261,580	748,550	6,420
Without income	80,180	15,120	30,355	660
With income	1,476,855	246,455	718,190	5,760
Under $5,000^{Footnote 92}	157,670	31,110	61,295	775
$5,000 to $9,999	135,085	22,400	58,065	585
$10,000 to $14,999	171,280	25,590	74,660	745
$15,000 to $19,999	161,595	23,955	75,035	575
$20,000 to $29,999	222,170	33,410	103,025	920
$30,000 to $39,999	184,250	28,470	95,565	720
$40,000 to $49,999	131,285	21,110	74,180	520
$50,000 to $59,999	89,400	14,685	52,360	270
$60,000 to $79,999	105,480	18,960	60,490	245
$80,000 to $99,999	47,585	8,975	26,685	140
$100,000 and over	71,055	17,785	36,840	265
$100,000 to $124,999	28,750	6,255	15,680	110
$125,000 and over	42,305	11,530	21,160	160
Median income $^{Footnote 93}	24,541	25,571	28,615	21,745
Average income $^{Footnote 94}	36,748	42,070	39,517	32,144
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 95}	1,557,040	261,575	748,545	6,420
Without after-tax income	79,960	15,125	30,390	660
With after-tax income	1,477,075	246,450	718,155	5,760
Under $5,000^{Footnote 96}	161,290	31,875	63,090	780
$5,000 to $9,999	137,035	22,785	59,085	590
$10,000 to $14,999	174,450	26,275	75,895	755
$15,000 to $19,999	176,685	26,270	82,380	680
$20,000 to $29,999	270,005	40,350	131,215	1,155
$30,000 to $39,999	212,160	32,960	114,860	805
$40,000 to $49,999	133,780	21,950	76,210	390
$50,000 to $59,999	79,990	14,450	45,380	175
$60,000 to $79,999	71,150	13,765	39,415	215
$80,000 to $99,999	26,655	6,300	13,855	80
$100,000 and over	33,865	9,480	16,760	130
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 97}	22,962	23,655	25,888	20,559
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 98}	30,203	33,663	32,149	26,494
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 99}	1,557,040	261,575	748,545	6,420
With employment income	997,125	173,710	504,705	3,820
Median employment income $^{Footnote 100}	27,497	26,413	30,942	23,859
Average employment income $^{Footnote 101}	38,909	42,265	41,319	34,619
With wages and salaries	927,700	160,075	472,865	3,650
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 102}	28,255	27,006	31,509	25,641
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 103}	38,040	40,955	40,184	34,994
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	984,845	167,905	487,825	3,725
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 104}	477,585	82,695	243,510	1,720
All others^{Footnote 105}	507,265	85,210	244,310	2,000

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 31

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Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

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Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 52

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Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 58

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Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

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Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 89

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Footnote 90

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Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 92

Including loss.

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Footnote 93

For population with income.

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Footnote 94

For population with income.

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Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 96

Including loss.

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Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011048.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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