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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Age groups (8D)

Sex (3)

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Kitchener - Cambridge - Waterloo
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 23.4 %
Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	469,930	357,575	6,405	385
0 to 4 years	28,680	23,920	175	40
5 to 9 years	28,540	24,210	165	20
10 to 14 years	29,085	24,355	230	50
15 to 19 years	32,130	26,510	200	0
20 to 24 years	35,435	28,005	335	35
25 to 29 years	34,020	26,710	290	45
30 to 34 years	32,335	24,265	400	10
35 to 39 years	33,185	24,240	465	20
40 to 44 years	34,855	25,000	530	15
45 to 49 years	38,120	28,165	615	20
50 to 54 years	35,080	25,605	815	35
55 to 59 years	29,620	21,605	630	0
60 to 64 years	24,595	18,180	455	35
65 to 69 years	18,195	12,935	440	0
70 to 74 years	13,010	8,580	305	0
75 to 79 years	10,410	6,855	175	0
80 to 84 years	7,150	4,785	115	0
85 years and over	5,500	3,645	60	0
Median age^{Footnote 3}	37.2	35.2	48.9	29.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	383,635	285,090	5,830	275
Married or living with a common-law partner	227,665	161,990	3,740	150
Married (and not separated)	196,060	134,875	3,075	100
Living common law	31,610	27,120	660	50
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	155,965	123,095	2,090	130
Single (never legally married)	106,325	85,780	975	70
Separated	11,900	9,520	270	0
Divorced	21,105	16,640	540	50
Widowed	16,635	11,155	305	0
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	469,935	357,575	6,400	385
English	454,945	357,565	455	295
French	6,135	0	5,950	25
English and French	2,225	0	0	60
Neither English nor French	6,635	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 5}	469,935	357,575	6,400	385
English only	432,190	338,350	450	85
French only	245	0	140	0
English and French	30,670	19,055	5,810	285
Neither English nor French	6,830	165	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	469,935	357,570	6,400	380
Single responses	456,930	354,445	6,230	310
English	398,545	352,445	4,640	275
French	1,765	135	1,540	25
Non-official languages	56,615	1,860	50	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 6}	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 7}	48,005	1,555	35	0
Arabic	2,480	45	0	0
Bengali	340	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,010	50	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,810	120	0	0
Creoles	95	0	0	0
Dutch	355	0	0	0
German	3,020	90	0	0
Greek	540	20	0	0
Gujarati	1,730	25	0	0
Hindi	470	75	0	0
Hungarian	455	0	0	0
Italian	550	0	0	0
Korean	1,055	30	0	0
Mandarin	2,405	60	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,495	80	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,980	50	0	0
Polish	2,765	0	0	0
Portuguese	4,730	110	0	0
Romanian	2,680	100	0	0
Russian	1,175	30	0	0
Serbian	4,020	30	0	0
Spanish	4,595	215	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	635	35	0	0
Tamil	430	45	0	0
Ukrainian	200	0	0	0
Urdu	1,845	90	0	0
Vietnamese	2,130	140	0	0
Other languages^{Footnote 8}	8,610	310	0	0
Multiple responses	13,005	3,130	170	75
English and French	150	30	85	40
English and non-official language	12,665	3,095	15	0
French and non-official language	55	0	25	0
English, French and non-official language	135	0	45	30
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	469,935	357,575	6,405	385
None	408,680	347,885	3,290	300
English	26,790	970	990	0
French	4,295	2,220	1,845	55
Non-official language	29,090	6,340	180	0
Aboriginal	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	29,060	6,330	175	0
English and French	115	0	0	0
English and non-official language	570	40	0	0
French and non-official language	390	115	90	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 9}	122,525	19,480	690	80
Aboriginal languages	70	20	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^{Footnote 10}	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	20	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 11}	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	122,470	19,460	680	85
Italian	2,675	690	45	0
Portuguese	12,065	1,810	75	0
Romanian	5,545	585	0	0
Spanish	11,645	3,000	220	15
Dutch	3,255	560	0	0
Flemish	135	15	0	0
German	15,330	3,075	95	0
Yiddish	20	0	0	0
Danish	320	150	0	0
Norwegian	80	30	0	0
Swedish	345	130	0	0
Afrikaans	250	150	0	0
Gaelic languages	55	55	0	0
Bosnian	600	60	0	0
Bulgarian	160	0	0	0
Croatian	3,190	390	0	0
Czech	690	60	0	0
Macedonian	135	25	0	0
Polish	6,315	575	0	0
Russian	2,615	205	0	0
Serbian	5,600	195	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	540	20	0	0
Slovak	645	75	0	0
Slovenian	270	50	0	0
Ukrainian	1,150	185	0	0
Latvian	115	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	0	0	0
Greek	1,925	295	0	0
Armenian	535	45	40	0
Albanian	845	145	0	0
Estonian	85	0	0	0
Finnish	155	45	0	0
Hungarian	1,680	190	0	0
Turkish	890	80	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	60	0	0	0
Somali	690	85	0	0
Amharic	630	75	0	0
Arabic	6,145	595	70	25
Hebrew	270	65	0	0
Maltese	90	0	0	0
Tigrigna	335	20	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	395	0	0	0
Bengali	755	135	0	0
Gujarati	3,080	505	0	0
Hindi	4,410	800	0	0
Konkani	40	25	0	0
Marathi	175	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	5,165	855	0	0
Sindhi	345	70	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	300	50	0	0
Urdu	4,605	750	0	0
Nepali	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	525	35	0	0
Pashto	760	105	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	3,170	200	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	145	30	0	0
Kannada	55	40	0	0
Malayalam	315	45	0	0
Tamil	915	170	0	0
Telugu	280	40	0	0
Japanese	670	205	0	0
Korean	1,475	100	0	0
Cantonese	2,045	305	0	0
Fukien	25	0	0	0
Hakka	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,630	340	0	0
Taiwanese	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,405	480	0	0
Lao	1,650	190	0	0
Thai	225	40	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	280	40	0	0
Vietnamese	3,445	335	0	0
Bisayan languages	85	20	0	0
Ilocano	55	0	0	0
Malay	175	15	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	1,765	295	0	0
Akan (Twi)	210	45	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	15	0	0	0
Swahili	305	90	20	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	125	35	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	225	35	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	460	40	0	0
Creoles	165	90	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 12}	2,395	665	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 13}	464,530	353,120	6,350	375
Non-movers	403,605	307,880	5,305	315
Movers	60,925	45,245	1,040	65
Non-migrants	35,930	27,870	520	45
Migrants	24,995	17,380	520	0
Internal migrants	21,190	16,055	485	0
Intraprovincial migrants	18,985	14,545	360	0
Interprovincial migrants	2,205	1,505	130	0
External migrants	3,800	1,330	30	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 14}	441,255	333,650	6,225	340
Non-movers	264,725	204,340	3,375	175
Movers	176,530	129,310	2,850	170
Non-migrants	99,485	77,935	1,415	95
Migrants	77,055	51,380	1,435	80
Internal migrants	61,060	47,465	1,300	70
Intraprovincial migrants	54,535	42,995	935	45
Interprovincial migrants	6,525	4,465	365	25
External migrants	15,995	3,915	135	0
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 15}	469,935	357,575	6,405	385
Canadian citizens	445,260	351,855	6,230	370
Canadian citizens only	429,250	346,755	6,055	345
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	16,010	5,100	175	25
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 16}	24,675	5,720	170	10
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 17}	469,935	357,575	6,400	385
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 18}	357,300	327,680	5,705	350
Born in province of residence	320,080	295,015	3,200	215
Born outside province of residence	37,220	32,660	2,500	130
Immigrants^{Footnote 19}	108,720	28,905	675	30
Americas	16,290	8,970	35	0
United States	4,070	3,465	0	0
Jamaica	1,395	1,385	0	0
Guyana	2,365	2,345	0	0
Haiti	15	0	0	0
Mexico	800	80	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	730	725	0	0
Colombia	1,195	75	0	0
El Salvador	2,215	45	0	0
Peru	175	15	0	0
Chile	325	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	3,020	790	0	0
Europe	52,260	14,480	340	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 20}	11,595	11,340	0	0
Italy	1,085	85	0	0
Germany	4,785	440	15	0
Poland	4,530	105	0	0
Portugal	7,775	350	0	0
Netherlands	1,855	330	0	0
France	385	75	240	0
Romania	4,620	225	0	0
Russian Federation	930	65	0	0
Greece	605	45	0	0
Ukraine	770	50	0	0
Croatia	2,345	100	0	0
Hungary	740	45	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,215	55	0	0
Serbia	2,215	75	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	645	645	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	4,165	435	50	0
Africa	6,075	1,420	260	0
Morocco	35	0	20	0
Algeria	65	0	25	0
Egypt	900	115	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	440	320	0	0
Nigeria	240	150	0	0
Ethiopia	760	115	0	0
Kenya	470	185	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	3,155	505	175	0
Asia	33,825	3,795	35	0
India	6,650	1,060	0	0
China^{Footnote 21}	5,505	400	0	0
Philippines	1,835	425	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	870	90	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 22}	2,665	185	0	0
Pakistan	3,180	455	0	0
Sri Lanka	665	110	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 23}	1,360	60	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 24}	1,135	100	0	0
Lebanon	345	40	0	0
Taiwan	455	10	0	0
Iraq	1,365	70	0	0
Bangladesh	510	60	0	0
Afghanistan	985	30	0	0
Japan	180	15	0	0
Turkey	385	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	5,735	660	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 25}	275	245	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 26}	260	230	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 27}	3,910	990	25	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 28}	15,245	2,425	125	0
Americas	2,520	855	0	0
United States	845	535	0	0
Mexico	280	0	0	0
Cuba	50	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	95	90	0	0
Brazil	110	0	0	0
Colombia	605	15	0	0
Guyana	120	125	0	0
Peru	70	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Footnote 29}	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	265	70	0	0
Europe	2,605	520	25	0
France	15	0	15	0
Germany	100	0	0	0
Poland	180	0	0	0
Romania	585	30	0	0
Moldova^{Footnote 30}	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	245	0	0	0
Ukraine	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Footnote 31}	440	410	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	910	45	0	0
Africa	1,850	255	95	0
Nigeria	135	70	0	0
Ethiopia	315	35	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	285	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	275	35	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	100	0	65	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	630	90	25	0
Asia	8,245	770	0	0
Philippines	470	95	0	0
China^{Footnote 32}	1,395	140	0	0
India	1,475	150	0	0
Pakistan	795	50	0	0
Iran^{Footnote 33}	500	20	0	0
Korea, South^{Footnote 34}	360	45	0	0
Sri Lanka	90	15	0	0
Iraq	795	40	0	0
Bangladesh	200	20	0	0
Lebanon	50	0	0	0
Viet Nam^{Footnote 35}	210	0	0	0
Taiwan	145	0	0	0
Afghanistan	185	0	0	0
Japan	50	0	0	0
Turkey	75	0	0	0
Israel	65	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	25	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	70	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	90	0	0	0
Syria^{Footnote 36}	205	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,000	125	0	0
Oceania and other^{Footnote 37}	30	25	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	469,935	357,575	6,405	385
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	357,305	327,675	5,705	350
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	108,720	28,905	675	30
Before 1971	23,705	9,865	120	0
1971 to 1980	14,925	5,975	125	0
1981 to 1990	15,810	3,950	105	0
1991 to 2000	23,905	4,000	55	0
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 41}	30,375	5,120	265	25
2001 to 2005	15,125	2,695	140	0
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 42}	15,240	2,425	125	0
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 43}	3,915	985	25	0
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 44}	469,935	357,570	6,400	385
First generation^{Footnote 45}	113,745	30,735	730	35
Second generation^{Footnote 46}	95,015	75,010	395	90
Third generation or more^{Footnote 47}	261,175	251,825	5,275	260
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	469,935	357,575	6,400	380
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 48}	6,695	6,245	370	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 49}	4,160	3,945	165	0
Métis single identity	2,060	1,840	190	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	225	225	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 50}	60	55	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 51}	190	180	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	463,245	351,325	6,035	345
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 52}	469,935	357,570	6,400	385
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 53}	1,675	1,605	40	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	468,260	355,970	6,360	380
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 54}	383,630	285,090	5,830	275
In the labour force	267,460	205,005	3,830	205
Employed	248,165	190,450	3,590	195
Unemployed	19,295	14,555	245	0
Not in the labour force	116,170	80,080	1,995	70
Participation rate	69.7	71.9	65.7	74.5
Employment rate	64.7	66.8	61.6	70.9
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.1	6.4	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	267,460	205,010	3,835	205
Class of Worker- Not applicable^{Footnote 55}	5,865	3,970	75	0
All Classes of Worker^{Footnote 56}	261,600	201,040	3,755	205
Employee	239,490	185,560	3,495	195
Self-employed	22,110	15,475	255	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	7,455	5,255	130	0
Without paid help	2,855	1,930	60	0
With paid help	4,595	3,325	70	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	14,240	10,035	125	0
Without paid help	10,520	7,760	105	0
With paid help	3,715	2,275	20	0
Unpaid family worker	415	185	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	267,465	205,010	3,830	205
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	5,865	3,970	80	0
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	261,595	201,035	3,755	200
0 Management occupations	28,080	22,060	385	25
00 Senior management occupations	2,685	2,220	85	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	9,810	7,900	100	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	9,825	7,615	125	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	5,755	4,325	75	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	41,330	33,725	590	30
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	7,525	5,925	95	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	12,620	10,375	220	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	3,480	2,820	45	0
14 Office support occupations	11,030	9,075	145	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	6,670	5,530	85	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	22,640	15,030	345	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	13,860	8,570	190	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	8,775	6,460	155	0
3 Health occupations	13,230	10,220	160	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	3,645	3,055	35	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,695	1,930	25	0
32 Technical occupations in health	3,795	2,945	50	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	3,105	2,295	45	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	28,885	23,145	465	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	12,485	9,715	260	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	5,225	4,315	40	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	5,260	4,245	55	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,775	1,600	40	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,145	3,275	70	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	6,310	5,395	75	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,250	1,855	35	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,055	3,535	40	0
6 Sales and service occupations	58,840	46,335	825	55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	5,815	4,765	80	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	6,290	4,495	80	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	13,500	11,130	245	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	11,740	9,410	235	0
66 Sales support occupations	7,690	6,390	45	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	13,815	10,140	145	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	36,630	28,415	535	45
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	13,680	10,485	215	40
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	6,190	4,950	70	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	5,000	4,240	60	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	8,890	6,535	145	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	2,870	2,205	50	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,385	2,390	145	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	705	495	80	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,065	560	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,615	1,335	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	22,260	14,325	230	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,455	1,770	60	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	5,400	3,470	60	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	9,880	6,100	80	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	4,520	2,985	30	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 59}	267,460	205,005	3,830	205
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 60}	5,865	3,970	80	0
All industries^{Footnote 61}	261,595	201,035	3,755	205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,535	1,420	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	260	180	0	0
22 Utilities	975	755	45	0
23 Construction	16,015	12,655	170	0
31-33 Manufacturing	49,225	33,810	680	0
41 Wholesale trade	12,875	10,170	300	30
44-45 Retail trade	30,035	24,385	350	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,075	8,605	175	0
51 Information and cultural industries	5,595	4,585	40	0
52 Finance and insurance	16,000	12,700	270	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,600	3,625	40	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	16,615	12,660	290	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	175	140	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,140	8,135	140	0
61 Educational services	22,060	17,375	480	20
62 Health care and social assistance	23,260	18,310	255	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	3,905	3,435	90	0
72 Accommodation and food services	15,235	11,845	100	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	9,690	7,400	125	0
91 Public administration	10,335	8,840	195	0
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^{Footnote 62}	248,170	190,450	3,590	195
Usual place of work	211,315	162,665	3,100	175
Work in CSD of residence	106,495	82,715	1,465	100
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	73,010	56,470	1,035	50
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	31,370	23,160	600	20
Work in a different province	435	325	0	0
Worked at home	13,535	10,045	190	0
Worked outside Canada	930	575	0	0
No fixed workplace address	22,395	17,155	290	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^{Footnote 63}	233,710	179,825	3,395	185
Car, truck or van - as a driver	190,335	145,895	2,860	135
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	15,710	12,320	125	0
Public transit	12,680	9,415	190	0
Walked	10,105	8,395	155	0
Bicycle	2,650	2,185	40	0
Other methods	2,235	1,615	20	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 64}	283,215	217,045	4,120	225
English	278,445	216,240	3,555	210
French	820	305	415	0
Non-official language	2,420	155	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,425	160	0	0
English and French	475	220	135	0
English and non-official language	1,015	120	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^{Footnote 65}	283,210	217,045	4,115	230
None	273,905	214,645	3,030	190
English	1,400	280	210	0
French	2,655	1,420	845	35
Non-official language	4,985	575	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,980	565	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	260	115	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 66}	383,630	285,085	5,825	275
No certificate, diploma or degree	75,990	53,560	1,330	40
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 67}	107,010	84,260	1,405	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 68}	200,630	147,275	3,090	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 69}	28,830	21,350	555	30
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^{Footnote 70}	15,255	11,240	425	30
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^{Footnote 71}	13,570	10,115	130	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	76,870	60,630	1,300	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 72}	11,885	7,590	155	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	83,045	57,695	1,080	50
Bachelor's degree	51,380	38,175	620	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	9,015	5,885	130	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,750	980	25	0
Master's degree	16,905	10,410	220	0
Earned doctorate^{Footnote 73}	3,990	2,245	85	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 74}	200,630	147,275	3,090	185
Education	12,715	10,380	230	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,455	5,000	95	0
Humanities	13,275	10,325	195	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	21,300	16,375	365	25
Business, management and public administration	40,415	30,940	645	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,980	5,095	55	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10,965	7,130	150	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	47,120	30,825	760	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,330	2,460	55	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 75}	25,385	19,725	315	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	11,455	8,835	210	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 76}	235	170	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^{Footnote 77}	200,630	147,275	3,095	180
Inside Canada	166,955	137,485	2,805	175
Newfoundland and Labrador	1,540	1,515	0	0
Prince Edward Island	130	80	0	0
Nova Scotia	1,595	1,445	25	0
New Brunswick	620	545	45	0
Quebec	2,425	1,325	445	15
Ontario	156,600	129,325	2,220	160
Manitoba	740	585	30	0
Saskatchewan	415	370	0	0
Alberta	1,405	1,185	10	0
British Columbia	1,440	1,075	20	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	20	0	0	0
Outside Canada	33,670	9,785	290	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	469,935	357,570	6,405	380
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 78}	76,310	26,435	375	40
South Asian^{Footnote 79}	20,915	7,745	20	0
Chinese	11,795	2,475	0	0
Black	10,485	7,220	240	0
Filipino	2,655	1,240	0	0
Latin American	8,135	1,390	0	0
Arab	4,810	730	45	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 80}	7,350	1,790	40	0
West Asian^{Footnote 81}	3,990	445	0	0
Korean	1,595	220	0	0
Japanese	780	450	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 82}	1,670	1,560	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 83}	2,120	1,170	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 84}	393,625	331,140	6,030	345
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^{Footnote 85}	469,935	357,570	6,400	380
Total population - Single responses^{Footnote 86}	245,295	152,220	3,165	125
Total population - Multiple responses^{Footnote 87}	224,640	205,355	3,240	255
Canadian - Total responses	116,995	110,935	3,015	140
Canadian - Single responses	52,850	50,145	1,260	30
Canadian - Multiple responses	64,145	60,780	1,755	110
English- Total responses	114,540	113,255	495	90
English - Single responses	22,290	22,150	15	0
English - Multiple responses	92,245	91,110	480	85
French - Total responses	43,075	38,010	4,190	230
French - Single responses	3,925	2,415	1,430	60
French - Multiple responses	39,150	35,595	2,765	165
Scottish - Total responses	83,335	82,655	340	50
Scottish - Single responses	9,275	9,240	20	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	74,065	73,410	315	55
Irish - Total responses	82,930	82,040	490	80
Irish - Single responses	8,375	8,315	55	0
Irish - Multiple responses	74,560	73,725	440	80
German - Total responses	102,070	90,715	310	50
German - Single responses	24,935	18,065	0	0
German - Multiple responses	77,135	72,655	305	50
Italian - Total responses	14,860	12,415	130	0
Italian - Single responses	3,835	2,230	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	11,025	10,190	120	0
Chinese - Total responses	14,130	3,565	20	0
Chinese - Single responses	10,800	1,575	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	3,330	1,985	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	9,745	9,260	395	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	990	945	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	8,760	8,315	375	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	11,050	9,160	30	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	2,070	1,160	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	8,980	7,995	35	0
East Indian - Total responses	16,305	7,695	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	12,015	4,620	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	4,290	3,075	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	22,555	19,870	15	0
Dutch - Single responses	6,305	4,520	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	16,245	15,350	20	0
Polish- Total responses	22,150	15,880	40	0
Polish - Single responses	7,250	2,340	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	14,900	13,545	35	0
Filipino- Total responses	3,045	1,460	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	1,845	550	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	1,195	910	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^{Footnote 88}	13,310	13,180	45	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^{Footnote 89}	2,830	2,820	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^{Footnote 90}	10,485	10,355	40	0
Russian- Total responses	5,845	4,015	20	0
Russian - Single responses	955	350	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	4,885	3,660	20	0
Welsh - Total responses	7,950	7,910	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	565	555	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	7,385	7,355	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,835	1,785	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	75	55	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,760	1,735	0	0
Métis - Total responses	3,015	2,680	300	0
Métis - Single responses	155	140	15	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,860	2,540	290	0
Portuguese - Total responses	19,820	9,485	85	0
Portuguese - Single responses	13,395	3,850	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	6,415	5,640	80	0
American - Total responses	5,910	5,735	20	0
American - Single responses	565	560	0	0
American - Multiple responses	5,340	5,175	20	0
Spanish - Total responses	4,905	2,330	105	0
Spanish - Single responses	1,120	230	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	3,785	2,100	90	0
Swedish - Total responses	2,280	1,990	15	0
Swedish - Single responses	285	135	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	2,000	1,860	10	0
Hungarian - Total responses	6,985	4,995	25	0
Hungarian - Single responses	1,550	595	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	5,430	4,395	25	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^{Footnote 91}	383,630	285,090	5,825	275
Without income	18,430	13,360	260	0
With income	365,200	271,730	5,570	270
Under $5,000^{Footnote 92}	34,885	24,730	370	15
$5,000 to $9,999	25,030	18,270	245	0
$10,000 to $14,999	30,250	21,765	315	20
$15,000 to $19,999	29,265	20,345	595	35
$20,000 to $29,999	50,735	36,100	755	40
$30,000 to $39,999	45,790	34,255	675	35
$40,000 to $49,999	39,820	30,460	650	45
$50,000 to $59,999	30,285	23,600	500	35
$60,000 to $79,999	37,085	29,200	680	0
$80,000 to $99,999	21,675	17,095	425	0
$100,000 and over	20,380	15,900	360	0
$100,000 to $124,999	9,960	7,685	170	0
$125,000 and over	10,420	8,220	185	0
Median income $^{Footnote 93}	32,633	34,284	37,918	30,187
Average income $^{Footnote 94}	42,189	43,701	44,786	38,351
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^{Footnote 95}	383,635	285,090	5,830	275
Without after-tax income	18,495	13,390	260	0
With after-tax income	365,135	271,700	5,570	265
Under $5,000^{Footnote 96}	35,305	25,105	375	20
$5,000 to $9,999	25,605	18,700	260	0
$10,000 to $14,999	31,000	22,330	325	20
$15,000 to $19,999	31,455	21,895	635	35
$20,000 to $29,999	60,555	43,920	895	75
$30,000 to $39,999	55,705	42,100	825	35
$40,000 to $49,999	44,280	33,945	780	40
$50,000 to $59,999	28,440	22,270	470	0
$60,000 to $79,999	33,420	26,305	675	0
$80,000 to $99,999	10,350	8,005	175	0
$100,000 and over	9,030	7,130	150	0
Median after-tax income $^{Footnote 97}	29,772	30,854	33,728	26,618
Average after-tax income $^{Footnote 98}	35,484	36,549	37,770	33,388
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^{Footnote 99}	383,630	285,090	5,830	275
With employment income	278,405	214,000	4,060	235
Median employment income $^{Footnote 100}	34,687	35,010	42,105	32,047
Average employment income $^{Footnote 101}	43,023	43,677	47,873	36,961
With wages and salaries	261,565	202,520	3,850	215
Median wages and salaries $^{Footnote 102}	35,762	36,019	42,420	32,058
Average wages and salaries $^{Footnote 103}	43,688	44,195	48,557	38,819
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	267,460	205,005	3,830	205
Worked full year, full time^{Footnote 104}	151,335	116,585	2,335	95
All others^{Footnote 105}	116,130	88,420	1,500	105

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

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'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

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Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

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Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

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Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

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Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 31

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Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

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Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 52

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Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

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In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 58

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Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 61

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Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

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Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

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Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

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Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

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Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 89

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Footnote 90

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Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 92

Including loss.

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Footnote 93

For population with income.

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Footnote 94

For population with income.

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Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 96

Including loss.

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Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

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Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

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Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

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Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

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Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011047.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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