Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request a format other than those available.

2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Religion (19), Age Groups (10), Sex (3), Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force and Educational Characteristics (268) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Religion (19)^{Footnote 1}

Age groups (10)

This table details religion , age groups , sex , selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics for the population in private households in Montréal^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 19.7 %
Selected demographic, cultural, labour force and educational characteristics (268)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^{Footnote 4}	3,120,060	1,512,355	1,607,705
Married or living with a common-law partner	1,717,905	860,955	856,955
Married (and not separated)	1,164,550	582,390	582,165
Living common law	553,360	278,565	274,790
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,402,150	651,405	750,750
Single (never legally married)	978,020	518,170	459,855
Separated	53,955	22,240	31,715
Divorced	224,285	82,460	141,825
Widowed	145,885	28,530	117,355
Total - Census family status^{Footnote 5}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,025
Married spouses	1,139,530	570,505	569,025
Common-law partners	553,355	278,565	274,795
Lone parents	188,430	39,395	149,035
Children in census families	1,126,195	595,370	530,825
Persons not in census families^{Footnote 6}	744,960	351,615	393,345
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^{Footnote 7}	3,708,310	1,812,685	1,895,625
Non-movers	3,238,990	1,581,100	1,657,890
Movers	469,315	231,590	237,735
Non-migrants	272,190	134,610	137,585
Migrants	197,130	96,980	100,145
Internal migrants	150,785	73,905	76,880
Intraprovincial migrants	139,935	68,230	71,705
Interprovincial migrants	10,855	5,680	5,175
External migrants	46,340	23,075	23,270
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^{Footnote 8}	3,529,305	1,721,465	1,807,840
Non-movers	2,107,035	1,022,655	1,084,380
Movers	1,422,270	698,805	723,460
Non-migrants	756,765	371,520	385,245
Migrants	665,505	327,290	338,215
Internal migrants	475,900	231,745	244,160
Intraprovincial migrants	442,530	215,190	227,340
Interprovincial migrants	33,375	16,555	16,820
External migrants	189,595	95,540	94,060
Total population by mother tongue^{Footnote 9}	3,752,470	1,835,450	1,917,025
English	434,630	215,085	219,545
French	2,371,080	1,154,825	1,216,255
Non-official language	862,615	423,335	439,275
English and French	14,030	6,875	7,155
English and non-official language	23,980	11,785	12,195
French and non-official language	43,435	22,055	21,380
English, French and non-official language	2,700	1,485	1,210
Total population by language spoken most often at home^{Footnote 10}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,020
English	609,015	300,685	308,335
French	2,497,745	1,220,615	1,277,135
Non-official language	499,875	242,365	257,510
English and French	19,555	9,765	9,785
English and non-official language	40,990	20,050	20,940
French and non-official language	78,440	38,515	39,925
English, French and non-official language	6,850	3,455	3,390
Total population by knowledge of official languages^{Footnote 11}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,025
English only	272,925	134,465	138,460
French only	1,379,785	618,310	761,470
English and French	2,039,400	1,058,950	980,450
Neither English nor French	60,365	23,725	36,645
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^{Footnote 12}	2,156,175	1,111,585	1,044,585
English	401,075	214,440	186,635
French	1,543,440	784,840	758,600
Non-official language	18,390	9,030	9,360
Aboriginal	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	18,370	9,020	9,350
English and French	177,215	94,860	82,350
English and non-official language	4,085	2,325	1,760
French and non-official language	3,790	1,765	2,025
English, French and non-official language	8,180	4,325	3,850
Total population by citizenship^{Footnote 13}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,025
Canadian citizens	3,464,180	1,693,105	1,771,070
Canadian citizens only	3,294,750	1,606,985	1,687,760
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	169,430	86,120	83,310
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 14}	288,300	142,340	145,955
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 15}	3,752,475	1,835,455	1,917,025
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 16}	2,847,210	1,391,690	1,455,525
Immigrants^{Footnote 17}	846,645	413,005	433,640
Before 1971	133,400	65,105	68,300
1971 to 1980	100,720	49,340	51,380
1981 to 1990	117,075	57,150	59,925
1991 to 2000	172,415	83,205	89,210
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 18}	323,035	158,210	164,825
2001 to 2005	133,305	65,180	68,130
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 19}	189,730	93,035	96,695
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 20}	58,620	30,760	27,860
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^{Footnote 21}	846,645	413,005	433,640
Under 5 years	79,325	39,380	39,945
5 to 14 years	133,945	67,065	66,880
15 to 24 years	186,135	85,765	100,365
25 to 44 years	387,290	193,890	193,405
45 years and over	59,945	26,905	33,040
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 22}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,025
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 23}	2,847,210	1,391,690	1,455,525
Born in province of residence	2,728,125	1,335,370	1,392,755
Born outside province of residence	119,085	56,320	62,765
Immigrants^{Footnote 24}	846,645	413,005	433,640
Americas	189,655	86,500	103,150
United States	18,475	9,000	9,475
Jamaica	5,070	1,990	3,080
Guyana	2,555	1,075	1,480
Haiti	65,140	28,485	36,655
Mexico	12,820	6,030	6,785
Trinidad and Tobago	4,310	1,910	2,395
Colombia	12,840	5,855	6,985
El Salvador	8,830	4,570	4,260
Peru	10,555	4,815	5,740
Chile	7,105	3,500	3,605
Other places of birth in Americas	41,955	19,275	22,675
Europe	250,855	123,065	127,790
United Kingdom^{Footnote 25}	11,740	5,850	5,890
Italy	55,385	27,690	27,695
Germany	7,115	3,200	3,915
Poland	10,675	4,500	6,180
Portugal	16,200	7,590	8,610
Netherlands	1,640	840	805
France	46,540	24,315	22,230
Romania	23,650	11,465	12,180
Russian Federation	10,060	4,395	5,670
Greece	20,275	10,270	10,005
Ukraine	6,395	2,780	3,615
Croatia	1,325	660	665
Hungary	4,045	1,945	2,100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,425	705	725
Serbia	1,045	525	520
Ireland, Republic of	815	370	440
Other places of birth in Europe	32,525	15,975	16,550
Africa	157,860	83,425	74,430
Morocco	43,790	22,885	20,905
Algeria	43,545	23,050	20,500
Egypt	16,485	8,550	7,940
South Africa, Republic of	605	300	305
Nigeria	1,055	645	415
Ethiopia	760	360	405
Kenya	655	325	330
Other places of birth in Africa	50,960	27,320	23,640
Asia	247,270	119,490	127,780
India	16,540	8,585	7,950
China^{Footnote 26}	37,980	16,300	21,675
Philippines	21,785	8,225	13,565
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	4,700	2,265	2,435
Viet Nam^{Footnote 27}	25,370	12,135	13,235
Pakistan	8,810	4,830	3,975
Sri Lanka	12,150	6,200	5,955
Iran^{Footnote 28}	10,890	5,570	5,320
Korea, South^{Footnote 29}	3,825	1,725	2,100
Lebanon	35,440	19,240	16,200
Taiwan	2,605	1,215	1,395
Iraq	3,155	1,575	1,580
Bangladesh	7,885	4,030	3,855
Afghanistan	4,915	2,410	2,505
Japan	1,465	375	1,095
Turkey	6,795	3,480	3,310
Other places of birth in Asia	42,965	21,340	21,625
Oceania and other^{Footnote 30}	1,005	515	490
Fiji	60	0	0
Other places of birth^{Footnote 31}	945	490	455
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 32}	58,620	30,760	27,860
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 33}	3,752,470	1,835,450	1,917,025
First generation^{Footnote 34}	913,715	448,105	465,610
Second generation^{Footnote 35}	566,910	284,575	282,340
Third generation or more^{Footnote 36}	2,271,845	1,102,770	1,169,075
Total population in private households by visible minority	3,752,470	1,835,450	1,917,020
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 37}	762,325	375,220	387,110
South Asian^{Footnote 38}	79,540	41,565	37,975
Chinese	74,375	34,555	39,825
Black	216,310	103,050	113,260
Filipino	30,210	11,865	18,350
Latin American	98,005	47,940	50,065
Arab	150,510	80,580	69,930
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 39}	59,430	29,630	29,805
West Asian^{Footnote 40}	21,835	11,210	10,625
Korean	5,910	2,765	3,150
Japanese	3,130	1,065	2,065
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 41}	7,560	3,610	3,945
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 42}	15,505	7,380	8,130
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 43}	2,990,145	1,460,230	1,529,915
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,025
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 44}	26,280	12,340	13,945
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 45}	14,750	6,800	7,950
Métis single identity	8,840	4,345	4,495
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	900	435	470
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 46}	390	150	245
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 47}	1,400	610	785
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,726,190	1,823,110	1,903,080
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 48}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,020
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 49}	6,690	3,015	3,680
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,745,785	1,832,440	1,913,345
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 50}	3,752,475	1,835,450	1,917,020
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 51}	96,700	44,240	52,465
First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 52}	86,625	39,580	47,040
Métis ancestry	9,530	4,435	5,095
Inuit ancestry	1,535	735	805
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 53}	3,655,775	1,791,215	1,864,560
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^{Footnote 54}	3,120,055	1,512,355	1,607,700
In the labour force	2,056,140	1,064,780	991,355
Employed	1,897,610	978,670	918,945
Unemployed	158,525	86,110	72,410
Not in the labour force	1,063,920	447,575	616,345
Participation rate	65.9	70.4	61.7
Employment rate	60.8	64.7	57.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.1	7.3
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker^{Footnote 55}	2,056,135	1,064,780	991,360
Class of worker - not applicable^{Footnote 56}	61,415	31,700	29,715
All classes of worker^{Footnote 57}	1,994,720	1,033,080	961,640
Employee	1,784,540	899,015	885,530
Self-employed^{Footnote 58}	210,180	134,065	76,110
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 59}	2,056,135	1,064,780	991,355
Occupation - not applicable^{Footnote 60}	61,415	31,700	29,720
All occupations^{Footnote 61}	1,994,715	1,033,080	961,635
0 Management occupations	216,750	136,400	80,355
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	364,525	119,315	245,215
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	161,375	125,290	36,090
3 Health occupations	127,460	27,575	99,885
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	234,615	73,060	161,550
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	77,420	37,215	40,205
6 Sales and service occupations	485,335	231,875	253,465
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	229,595	215,330	14,260
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	12,200	10,050	2,145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85,440	56,975	28,465
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 62}	2,056,135	1,064,780	991,355
Industry - not applicable^{Footnote 63}	61,420	31,695	29,720
All industries^{Footnote 64}	1,994,715	1,033,085	961,640
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	8,900	5,825	3,080
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,405	1,755	650
22 Utilities	16,515	10,840	5,675
23 Construction	99,550	86,305	13,240
31-33 Manufacturing	213,660	147,145	66,515
41 Wholesale trade	105,935	66,310	39,630
44-45 Retail trade	242,920	116,220	126,700
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	97,585	72,305	25,275
51 Information and cultural industries	70,025	40,410	29,615
52 Finance and insurance	94,380	37,300	57,080
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	36,625	21,365	15,255
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	178,735	102,515	76,220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,280	1,240	1,040
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	86,550	50,320	36,225
61 Educational services	153,025	51,435	101,595
62 Health care and social assistance	232,200	47,930	184,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	42,120	22,130	19,990
72 Accommodation and food services	121,235	61,765	59,470
81 Other services (except public administration)	87,875	38,840	49,030
91 Public administration	102,195	51,130	51,070
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 65}	2,123,420	1,041,915	1,081,510
No certificate, diploma or degree	263,045	135,885	127,160
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 66}	407,060	196,545	210,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 67}	1,453,320	709,490	743,835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 68}	315,850	179,350	136,500
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	376,755	171,535	205,220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 69}	131,950	58,440	73,510
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	628,765	300,165	328,600
Bachelor's degree	389,385	179,165	210,225
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 70}	239,380	121,005	118,380
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 71}	3,120,055	1,512,355	1,607,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 72}	1,293,340	616,590	676,755
Education	115,690	26,265	89,430
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	97,125	45,385	51,745
Humanities	118,565	45,865	72,700
Social and behavioural sciences and law	201,740	71,080	130,665
Business, management and public administration	436,630	173,960	262,670
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75,860	40,730	35,130
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	88,965	60,920	28,045
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	357,255	320,020	37,240
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	19,935	11,595	8,345
Health and related fields^{Footnote 73}	209,635	45,355	164,275
Personal, protective and transportation services	105,055	54,525	50,525
Other fields of study^{Footnote 74}	255	80	180
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^{Footnote 75}	3,120,055	1,512,355	1,607,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,293,340	616,590	676,755
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,826,715	895,770	930,945
Location of study inside Canada	1,537,820	745,185	792,635
Same as province or territory of residence	1,485,305	717,480	767,825
Another province or territory	52,520	27,705	24,810
Location of study outside Canada	288,895	150,580	138,310

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Classification of persons according to whether or not they are members of a census family and the status they have in the census family (a census family is composed of a married couple or two persons living common law, with or without children, or of a lone parent living with at least one child in the same dwelling). A person can be a married spouse, a common-law partner, a lone parent, a child or a person not in a census family.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Persons not in census families may live with relatives (without forming a census family with them), they may live with non-relatives only or they may live alone.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011037.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

Language selection

Search and menus

Search