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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Toronto
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 25.4 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,460	4,254,065	292,080	4,472,365	73,775
Male	2,184,185	1,834,650	349,535	1,984,315	199,875	2,128,495	55,690
Female	2,361,960	2,160,030	201,925	2,269,755	92,200	2,343,870	18,085
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	4,546,145	3,994,680	551,460	4,254,065	292,080	4,472,370	73,775
15 to 24 years	747,385	745,795	1,590	746,690	695	747,315	75
25 to 54 years	2,492,435	2,100,460	391,975	2,291,500	200,930	2,444,530	47,910
25 to 34 years	773,300	716,555	56,745	750,945	22,355	770,330	2,970
35 to 44 years	836,810	681,025	155,785	757,550	79,260	818,515	18,290
45 to 54 years	882,325	702,880	179,445	783,005	99,320	855,675	26,645
55 to 64 years	640,270	531,150	109,120	577,780	62,485	622,840	17,425
65 years and over	666,050	617,275	48,780	638,090	27,960	657,685	8,370
65 to 74 years	373,885	341,145	32,740	354,825	19,060	368,040	5,840
75 years and over	292,170	276,130	16,040	283,270	8,905	289,640	2,530
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,080	4,472,365	73,775
Married or living with a common-law partner	2,586,965	2,156,230	430,730	2,352,070	234,895	2,525,145	61,815
Married (and not separated)	2,341,940	1,948,010	393,930	2,125,850	216,090	2,284,330	57,610
Living common law	245,020	208,225	36,800	226,215	18,805	240,815	4,205
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,959,180	1,838,445	120,730	1,901,995	57,180	1,947,220	11,955
Single (never legally married)	1,388,210	1,324,130	64,080	1,359,935	28,275	1,383,340	4,870
Separated	121,920	107,815	14,100	114,920	6,995	120,160	1,755
Divorced	240,575	210,445	30,130	225,370	15,205	237,060	3,515
Widowed	208,480	196,050	12,425	201,775	6,705	206,660	1,815
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	4,546,145	3,994,675	551,465	4,254,065	292,080	4,472,370	73,775
Total persons in households with at least one census family	3,892,420	3,419,020	473,395	3,638,890	253,525	3,827,385	65,035
Married spouses, common-law partners	2,518,505	2,092,005	426,500	2,285,645	232,860	2,457,265	61,240
Lone parents	269,745	243,170	26,575	257,330	12,420	267,310	2,435
Children in families with two parents present	678,670	669,810	8,855	675,330	3,340	678,260	400
Children in families with one parent present	253,665	247,915	5,745	251,365	2,295	253,205	460
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	111,920	108,960	2,960	110,505	1,410	111,635	285
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	59,920	57,160	2,765	58,720	1,205	59,710	210
Total persons in non-census family households	653,725	575,655	78,065	615,175	38,545	644,980	8,740
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	46,265	43,390	2,875	45,020	1,245	46,030	240
Living with non-relatives only	137,700	129,225	8,475	133,815	3,885	136,885	810
Living alone	469,755	403,050	66,710	436,345	33,415	462,070	7,690
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,080	4,472,365	73,775
Economic family persons	3,878,765	3,405,255	473,510	3,625,190	253,570	3,813,700	65,060
Couple family	3,279,540	2,843,390	436,150	3,042,980	236,555	3,217,825	61,705
Couple only	776,540	657,685	118,855	711,855	64,685	759,540	17,000
Couple with children	2,442,810	2,130,525	312,275	2,273,325	169,480	2,398,535	44,270
Couple with other relatives only	60,195	55,175	5,015	57,810	2,390	59,755	445
Lone-parent family	482,375	451,635	30,740	468,090	14,290	479,515	2,865
Female-parent family	401,705	379,215	22,485	392,120	9,585	400,070	1,630
Female-parent family with no other relatives	366,180	345,155	21,025	357,220	8,960	364,630	1,550
Male-parent family	80,675	72,420	8,255	75,965	4,700	79,440	1,230
Male-parent family with no other relatives	71,530	63,720	7,810	67,035	4,500	70,325	1,205
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	116,850	110,225	6,625	114,120	2,730	116,365	490
Persons not in an economic family	667,380	589,430	77,950	628,875	38,505	658,660	8,710
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,460	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	28,880	26,280	2,595	27,815	1,060	28,720	160
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	18,240	16,775	1,470	17,650	595	18,165	80
Métis single identity	8,275	7,515	765	7,975	300	8,230	45
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	465	410	50	450	0	465	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	370	325	45	340	25	360	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	1,530	1,260	270	1,410	125	1,505	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,517,260	3,968,395	548,865	4,226,250	291,015	4,443,650	73,615
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	4,546,145	3,994,675	551,465	4,254,070	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	9,965	9,125	835	9,595	370	9,915	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,536,175	3,985,550	550,625	4,244,470	291,705	4,462,455	73,720
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,460	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	50,130	44,605	5,520	47,590	2,540	49,655	470
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	40,085	35,890	4,195	38,180	1,900	39,730	355
Métis ancestry	10,040	8,750	1,290	9,410	625	9,925	110
Inuit ancestry	960	820	140	900	60	950	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	4,496,015	3,950,075	545,940	4,206,475	289,535	4,422,710	73,300
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,460	4,254,070	292,075	4,472,370	73,770
First generation^{Footnote 26}	2,507,130	2,276,550	230,580	2,392,395	114,735	2,482,955	24,170
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	1,004,795	861,165	143,625	928,805	75,990	984,805	19,990
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	1,034,220	856,960	177,260	932,865	101,350	1,004,605	29,615
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	4,546,140	3,994,675	551,465	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	2,058,780	1,905,685	153,095	1,988,480	70,305	2,046,675	12,105
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	639,660	592,825	46,835	617,700	21,960	635,610	4,050
Chinese	451,450	408,100	43,350	431,030	20,425	447,985	3,470
Black	299,005	281,050	17,960	291,940	7,070	298,085	920
Filipino	185,950	174,695	11,255	181,795	4,155	185,475	475
Latin American	97,735	91,865	5,870	95,080	2,655	97,420	320
Arab	58,255	53,215	5,040	55,420	2,830	57,580	675
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	73,900	69,430	4,470	71,970	1,930	73,540	360
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	79,080	73,490	5,590	76,170	2,910	78,575	505
Korean	52,390	48,915	3,475	50,430	1,960	51,935	460
Japanese	16,585	14,130	2,450	15,225	1,355	16,170	415
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	54,450	51,410	3,035	53,120	1,325	54,250	195
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	50,320	46,555	3,765	48,595	1,725	50,045	275
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	2,487,360	2,088,995	398,370	2,265,585	221,775	2,425,695	61,665
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	2,047,970	1,725,270	322,695	1,869,440	178,525	1,998,055	49,915
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	2,416,425	2,192,040	224,385	2,305,655	110,770	2,393,575	22,850
Before 1981	686,700	597,315	89,385	638,095	48,610	674,530	12,175
1981 to 1990	393,365	349,880	43,485	372,505	20,860	389,160	4,205
1991 to 2000	659,920	605,545	54,375	635,005	24,915	656,275	3,645
2001 to 2009	600,840	565,580	35,260	585,440	15,400	598,250	2,585
2001 to 2005	359,915	335,245	24,665	349,565	10,355	358,330	1,580
2006 to 2009	240,920	230,335	10,590	235,880	5,050	239,915	1,005
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	4,546,145	3,994,675	551,465	4,254,065	292,080	4,472,370	73,770
English	2,301,205	1,955,205	346,000	2,109,555	191,650	2,247,200	54,005
French	56,800	45,860	10,945	50,710	6,090	55,130	1,675
Non-official language	2,074,560	1,890,145	184,415	1,985,100	89,460	2,057,240	17,320
Aboriginal	550	525	30	535	15	550	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,074,005	1,889,620	184,390	1,984,565	89,445	2,056,690	17,320
English and French	3,100	2,760	340	2,910	195	3,075	25
English and non-official language	105,185	95,910	9,275	100,825	4,355	104,480	700
French and non-official language	4,440	3,980	460	4,130	305	4,395	45
English, French and non-official language	850	815	30	835	0	845	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
English	4,251,585	3,718,175	533,410	3,969,240	282,340	4,180,095	71,490
French	61,710	50,475	11,235	55,425	6,290	60,035	1,670
English and French	36,465	32,660	3,800	34,540	1,920	36,130	330
Neither English nor French	196,390	193,370	3,015	194,865	1,525	196,105	280
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	4,546,145	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
No certificate, diploma or degree	770,950	757,385	13,565	764,750	6,200	769,595	1,355
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	1,145,220	1,088,330	56,900	1,117,830	27,390	1,139,725	5,500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	2,629,965	2,148,965	481,000	2,371,485	258,485	2,563,050	66,920
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,270,650	1,133,845	136,805	1,208,365	62,280	1,260,380	10,265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	253,395	232,985	20,400	245,045	8,345	252,215	1,175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	769,855	685,375	84,480	731,750	38,110	763,795	6,065
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	247,400	215,475	31,925	231,570	15,830	244,375	3,030
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,359,320	1,015,125	344,195	1,163,125	196,195	1,302,670	56,650
Bachelor's degree	842,610	652,955	189,660	738,570	104,050	814,920	27,695
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	516,705	362,170	154,535	424,555	92,150	487,750	28,960
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	4,546,145	3,994,680	551,460	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,370	73,775
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	1,916,170	1,845,715	70,465	1,882,580	33,595	1,909,320	6,855
Education	155,630	120,325	35,310	145,830	9,795	154,245	1,385
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	126,160	114,955	11,215	121,055	5,110	125,345	815
Humanities	184,090	155,945	28,140	169,455	14,635	180,365	3,725
Social and behavioural sciences and law	339,710	274,380	65,330	298,815	40,895	326,400	13,310
Business, management and public administration	638,900	512,850	126,045	560,680	78,220	614,455	24,440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	121,300	98,765	22,530	108,935	12,360	118,645	2,655
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	152,320	117,115	35,210	134,875	17,450	149,530	2,790
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	477,070	383,655	93,415	429,110	47,960	468,480	8,590
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30,315	26,120	4,200	28,255	2,065	29,900	415
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	299,660	248,365	51,300	273,440	26,225	291,410	8,250
Personal, protective and transportation services	104,460	96,190	8,275	100,725	3,735	103,915	545
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	345	300	45	315	30	340	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,365	73,775
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	1,358,900	1,328,270	30,635	1,342,900	16,000	1,354,650	4,250
All industries^{Footnote 54}	3,187,240	2,666,410	520,830	2,911,165	276,075	3,117,720	69,520
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11,205	10,405	805	10,655	550	11,035	175
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,085	2,865	2,220	3,350	1,740	4,250	835
22 Utilities	19,530	10,420	9,110	13,700	5,825	18,840	695
23 Construction	173,235	151,405	21,830	162,870	10,365	171,010	2,225
31-33 Manufacturing	311,585	265,330	46,255	287,505	24,075	306,470	5,115
41 Wholesale trade	177,025	138,790	38,230	153,880	23,145	171,380	5,645
44-45 Retail trade	348,735	325,565	23,170	336,195	12,540	346,095	2,645
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	155,925	140,585	15,335	149,160	6,765	154,830	1,095
51 Information and cultural industries	117,065	89,955	27,110	102,710	14,355	113,920	3,145
52 Finance and insurance	241,740	172,095	69,650	198,765	42,980	227,610	14,135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	77,175	64,265	12,915	69,065	8,110	74,545	2,630
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	321,680	237,670	84,010	268,470	53,210	306,155	15,525
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,535	3,275	1,265	3,700	835	4,160	375
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	164,270	153,920	10,350	158,730	5,540	162,745	1,525
61 Educational services	228,505	176,300	52,210	212,620	15,885	226,410	2,090
62 Health care and social assistance	278,700	232,960	45,735	256,060	22,640	271,315	7,390
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70,710	66,570	4,140	68,465	2,245	70,255	460
72 Accommodation and food services	193,085	188,615	4,470	190,665	2,415	192,400	685
81 Other services (except public administration)	144,640	132,785	11,855	138,320	6,325	143,475	1,170
91 Public administration	142,805	102,640	40,170	126,285	16,520	140,835	1,975
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	4,546,140	3,994,680	551,465	4,254,065	292,075	4,472,370	73,775
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	1,358,905	1,328,265	30,635	1,342,900	16,000	1,354,650	4,255
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	3,187,240	2,666,415	520,830	2,911,165	276,075	3,117,720	69,520
0 Management occupations	374,305	224,750	149,560	273,535	100,775	345,015	29,295
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	616,670	535,560	81,115	572,835	43,840	605,000	11,670
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	266,345	185,585	80,760	227,800	38,545	261,225	5,120
3 Health occupations	156,030	117,445	38,585	136,205	19,825	148,915	7,110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	365,880	281,340	84,540	331,240	34,645	356,445	9,445
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	132,405	121,810	10,600	127,635	4,770	131,530	880
6 Sales and service occupations	749,405	712,115	37,290	728,985	20,420	744,705	4,695
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	338,025	308,990	29,035	328,130	9,895	337,165	870
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	27,110	26,405	710	26,825	285	27,055	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	161,050	152,415	8,640	157,975	3,080	160,665	390

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Return to footnote 3 referrer

The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56