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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Kingston
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 28.4 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	129,870	116,060	13,805	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Male	61,970	53,190	8,780	57,380	4,590	61,180	795
Female	67,895	62,875	5,025	65,970	1,925	67,595	295
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	129,865	116,055	13,805	123,350	6,515	128,780	1,085
15 to 24 years	22,085	22,040	50	22,075	0	22,085	0
25 to 54 years	62,450	53,910	8,545	58,795	3,655	61,830	620
25 to 34 years	19,405	18,540	865	19,100	305	19,365	45
35 to 44 years	18,890	15,905	2,990	17,855	1,035	18,745	145
45 to 54 years	24,160	19,470	4,690	21,840	2,320	23,720	435
55 to 64 years	20,980	17,705	3,270	19,225	1,755	20,725	255
65 years and over	24,345	22,400	1,945	23,255	1,090	24,140	210
65 to 74 years	13,525	12,375	1,150	12,835	690	13,395	130
75 years and over	10,825	10,025	795	10,420	405	10,745	75
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	129,865	116,060	13,805	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Married or living with a common-law partner	75,945	64,790	11,150	70,525	5,420	74,990	950
Married (and not separated)	62,560	52,585	9,980	57,680	4,885	61,670	890
Living common law	13,380	12,210	1,170	12,845	535	13,320	60
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	53,925	51,270	2,655	52,830	1,095	53,785	140
Single (never legally married)	35,105	34,030	1,075	34,745	360	35,075	30
Separated	4,175	3,835	345	4,045	135	4,155	25
Divorced	7,775	7,070	705	7,470	305	7,725	50
Widowed	6,875	6,335	535	6,570	305	6,835	40
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	129,865	116,060	13,810	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Total persons in households with at least one census family	103,365	91,360	12,005	97,680	5,680	102,380	980
Married spouses, common-law partners	75,260	64,185	11,080	69,895	5,365	74,320	940
Lone parents	7,055	6,380	680	6,820	240	7,030	30
Children in families with two parents present	12,730	12,660	70	12,715	0	12,730	0
Children in families with one parent present	5,565	5,465	95	5,530	35	5,560	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	1,435	1,375	60	1,405	25	1,430	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	1,315	1,300	15	1,315	0	1,315	0
Total persons in non-census family households	26,505	24,700	1,805	25,670	835	26,395	110
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	930	905	30	925	0	930	0
Living with non-relatives only	6,870	6,730	140	6,795	75	6,860	0
Living alone	18,705	17,065	1,635	17,950	750	18,605	95
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	129,870	116,060	13,805	123,355	6,515	128,775	1,090
Economic family persons	102,975	90,960	12,015	97,290	5,685	101,995	980
Couple family	88,815	77,635	11,180	83,425	5,390	87,865	950
Couple only	37,240	33,080	4,160	35,105	2,135	36,895	345
Couple with children	50,385	43,405	6,985	47,140	3,240	49,780	610
Couple with other relatives only	1,190	1,150	40	1,170	20	1,190	0
Lone-parent family	12,055	11,280	780	11,770	285	12,025	30
Female-parent family	9,940	9,455	490	9,790	150	9,930	15
Female-parent family with no other relatives	9,630	9,150	480	9,485	145	9,615	15
Male-parent family	2,115	1,820	290	1,975	135	2,100	15
Male-parent family with no other relatives	1,900	1,650	255	1,775	130	1,885	15
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	2,105	2,055	55	2,100	0	2,110	0
Persons not in an economic family	26,890	25,100	1,790	26,055	830	26,780	105
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	129,865	116,060	13,810	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	3,910	3,675	235	3,820	90	3,900	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	2,610	2,490	120	2,570	40	2,610	0
Métis single identity	1,055	955	105	1,005	50	1,050	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	70	65	0	70	0	70	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	175	165	0	170	0	170	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	125,955	112,380	13,570	119,530	6,425	124,875	1,080
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	129,865	116,055	13,805	123,350	6,515	128,780	1,090
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	1,020	950	70	980	45	1,020	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	128,845	115,110	13,740	122,375	6,470	127,760	1,085
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	129,870	116,060	13,810	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	6,050	5,635	410	5,840	205	6,025	30
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	4,935	4,630	305	4,780	160	4,915	20
Métis ancestry	1,080	980	100	1,030	45	1,075	0
Inuit ancestry	95	85	0	95	0	95	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	123,815	110,420	13,395	117,505	6,305	122,755	1,065
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	129,865	116,060	13,810	123,355	6,515	128,780	1,085
First generation^{Footnote 26}	19,435	16,805	2,625	17,910	1,525	19,225	210
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	21,090	18,580	2,510	19,945	1,140	20,850	235
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	89,345	80,670	8,675	85,495	3,850	88,700	640
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	129,865	116,060	13,810	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	7,355	6,650	705	6,925	425	7,285	70
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	1,675	1,445	230	1,535	145	1,650	30
Chinese	1,655	1,500	160	1,545	105	1,645	0
Black	785	725	60	740	40	785	0
Filipino	610	585	25	595	20	610	0
Latin American	735	720	0	735	0	735	0
Arab	420	350	75	395	25	420	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	250	220	30	240	15	245	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	340	285	55	300	35	335	0
Korean	380	370	0	375	0	385	0
Japanese	160	145	15	155	0	160	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	145	135	0	135	0	140	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	190	170	15	180	0	185	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	122,510	109,410	13,105	116,425	6,090	121,495	1,020
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	129,870	116,060	13,810	123,355	6,515	128,775	1,085
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	111,285	99,975	11,310	106,225	5,060	110,395	890
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	17,515	15,095	2,415	16,085	1,430	17,315	200
Before 1981	10,055	8,550	1,500	9,165	885	9,930	120
1981 to 1990	2,295	1,885	415	2,030	265	2,280	15
1991 to 2000	2,175	1,910	265	2,015	155	2,150	20
2001 to 2009	2,685	2,460	225	2,575	110	2,645	35
2001 to 2005	1,555	1,390	165	1,480	75	1,535	0
2006 to 2009	1,125	1,070	60	1,090	35	1,115	20
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	129,870	116,060	13,810	123,350	6,515	128,780	1,085
English	114,080	102,370	11,710	108,705	5,370	113,140	940
French	4,050	3,340	705	3,720	330	4,025	20
Non-official language	10,930	9,595	1,330	10,145	790	10,805	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,900	9,570	1,330	10,115	785	10,775	130
English and French	160	145	20	155	0	165	0
English and non-official language	605	570	40	585	15	605	0
French and non-official language	45	35	0	45	0	45	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	129,870	116,060	13,805	123,350	6,515	128,780	1,090
English	125,120	112,085	13,035	118,980	6,140	124,060	1,060
French	4,005	3,290	715	3,670	335	3,980	20
English and French	310	255	55	275	40	305	0
Neither English nor French	435	425	0	435	0	435	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	129,870	116,060	13,810	123,355	6,515	128,780	1,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,145	19,955	190	20,095	55	20,135	15
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	34,950	33,795	1,160	34,540	415	34,900	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	74,770	62,315	12,455	68,720	6,050	73,740	1,030
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	44,265	40,135	4,125	42,810	1,455	44,115	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	10,740	10,010	730	10,495	250	10,730	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30,105	27,265	2,840	29,180	930	30,005	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	3,415	2,850	560	3,140	275	3,380	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30,505	22,180	8,325	25,910	4,600	29,625	885
Bachelor's degree	16,345	13,095	3,250	14,880	1,465	16,135	205
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	14,160	9,085	5,075	11,030	3,135	13,490	675
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	129,865	116,060	13,810	123,355	6,515	128,780	1,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	55,100	53,745	1,355	54,635	470	55,035	60
Education	6,080	4,880	1,195	5,760	315	6,045	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,335	2,150	190	2,240	95	2,335	0
Humanities	4,315	3,510	805	3,900	415	4,270	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,155	7,575	1,580	8,210	945	8,975	180
Business, management and public administration	12,395	10,765	1,630	11,475	925	12,230	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,755	2,705	1,045	3,175	580	3,680	75
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,625	1,985	640	2,310	315	2,590	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,235	11,890	2,350	13,105	1,130	14,105	130
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	975	910	65	940	35	975	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	14,075	11,680	2,385	12,990	1,085	13,725	350
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,825	4,260	570	4,610	215	4,810	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	129,865	116,060	13,810	123,355	6,515	128,780	1,090
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	39,040	37,755	1,285	38,420	620	38,960	80
All industries^{Footnote 54}	90,825	78,300	12,525	84,930	5,895	89,815	1,010
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	715	695	20	705	0	715	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	55	30	70	15	85	0
22 Utilities	560	350	215	415	145	560	0
23 Construction	5,335	4,815	520	5,150	180	5,295	40
31-33 Manufacturing	4,270	3,655	615	3,940	330	4,240	25
41 Wholesale trade	1,875	1,620	260	1,675	200	1,830	50
44-45 Retail trade	10,690	10,245	445	10,455	240	10,650	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,740	2,625	115	2,690	50	2,725	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,415	1,300	120	1,355	60	1,415	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,550	2,035	515	2,290	265	2,455	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,685	1,500	185	1,590	100	1,640	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,335	3,500	835	3,855	480	4,250	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	70	40	0	70	0	65	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,120	3,930	190	4,020	105	4,095	25
61 Educational services	13,200	10,125	3,075	11,575	1,620	12,930	275
62 Health care and social assistance	12,410	10,310	2,100	11,515	895	12,145	265
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,930	1,865	60	1,890	35	1,930	0
72 Accommodation and food services	7,830	7,695	135	7,750	75	7,830	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,445	3,205	235	3,370	80	3,435	0
91 Public administration	11,565	8,730	2,835	10,570	990	11,525	40
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	129,865	116,060	13,805	123,350	6,515	128,775	1,090
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	39,045	37,755	1,285	38,420	620	38,960	80
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	90,825	78,300	12,525	84,935	5,890	89,820	1,010
0 Management occupations	9,035	6,215	2,815	7,480	1,555	8,740	295
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	13,225	12,105	1,120	12,765	460	13,170	55
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,195	3,880	1,315	4,600	595	5,160	35
3 Health occupations	7,280	5,505	1,775	6,465	820	6,985	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	17,050	13,060	3,990	15,265	1,785	16,790	260
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,880	2,735	145	2,805	70	2,875	0
6 Sales and service occupations	22,970	22,405	565	22,630	340	22,925	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,285	9,695	590	10,115	175	10,270	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,095	1,050	50	1,075	20	1,100	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,805	1,650	155	1,740	65	1,800	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56