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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part / partie de l'Ontario)
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 21.7 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
Male	362,005	277,645	84,365	315,180	46,825	354,360	7,640
Female	387,520	340,500	47,020	368,950	18,580	385,410	2,110
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,130	65,400	739,770	9,755
15 to 24 years	128,515	128,310	200	128,415	95	128,500	15
25 to 54 years	400,185	307,615	92,575	356,135	44,055	394,330	5,860
25 to 34 years	122,805	112,255	10,550	120,115	2,690	122,595	205
35 to 44 years	129,420	93,185	36,240	113,240	16,185	127,525	1,900
45 to 54 years	147,960	102,180	45,785	122,775	25,185	144,210	3,755
55 to 64 years	111,540	85,140	26,400	96,375	15,170	108,820	2,720
65 years and over	109,285	97,080	12,210	103,205	6,080	108,125	1,160
65 to 74 years	63,800	55,985	7,820	59,545	4,255	62,875	930
75 years and over	45,485	41,090	4,390	43,655	1,825	45,250	235
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	749,530	618,145	131,385	684,125	65,400	739,775	9,755
Married or living with a common-law partner	429,415	325,965	103,455	376,155	53,265	421,125	8,300
Married (and not separated)	363,030	271,030	91,995	315,075	47,955	355,520	7,505
Living common law	66,395	54,930	11,460	61,080	5,310	65,605	790
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	320,110	292,180	27,925	307,975	12,135	318,650	1,460
Single (never legally married)	225,810	212,955	12,855	220,835	4,970	225,300	510
Separated	20,370	16,370	4,000	18,445	1,925	20,095	270
Divorced	43,295	35,590	7,705	39,710	3,585	42,815	485
Widowed	30,630	27,265	3,365	28,975	1,655	30,440	190
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	749,525	618,145	131,385	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
Total persons in households with at least one census family	603,020	491,385	111,635	546,160	56,865	594,305	8,715
Married spouses, common-law partners	423,030	320,440	102,585	370,255	52,775	414,850	8,180
Lone parents	39,440	32,650	6,790	36,250	3,190	39,020	420
Children in families with two parents present	87,110	86,405	700	86,840	265	87,085	25
Children in families with one parent present	36,145	35,440	705	35,860	285	36,095	45
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	10,035	9,555	485	9,830	200	10,010	30
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	7,265	6,895	365	7,120	145	7,245	0
Total persons in non-census family households	146,505	126,765	19,745	137,970	8,540	145,465	1,040
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	7,500	7,100	405	7,380	120	7,490	0
Living with non-relatives only	36,825	35,110	1,710	36,185	640	36,735	90
Living alone	102,180	84,550	17,635	94,400	7,780	101,240	940
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
Economic family persons	603,260	491,585	111,670	546,420	56,835	594,550	8,710
Couple family	517,135	413,610	103,525	463,995	53,135	508,935	8,205
Couple only	179,965	146,185	33,780	163,145	16,820	177,155	2,815
Couple with children	330,325	261,240	69,085	294,240	36,090	324,965	5,365
Couple with other relatives only	6,845	6,185	660	6,615	225	6,810	30
Lone-parent family	72,370	65,150	7,220	69,055	3,315	71,915	455
Female-parent family	57,425	52,770	4,655	55,595	1,835	57,255	170
Female-parent family with no other relatives	54,095	49,610	4,485	52,330	1,760	53,925	170
Male-parent family	14,945	12,380	2,565	13,460	1,485	14,665	285
Male-parent family with no other relatives	14,230	11,715	2,515	12,760	1,470	13,950	280
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	13,755	12,830	925	13,365	385	13,705	50
Persons not in an economic family	146,270	126,560	19,710	137,705	8,565	145,220	1,045
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	749,525	618,140	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	15,305	13,535	1,760	14,520	785	15,265	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	8,465	7,585	880	8,075	390	8,450	15
Métis single identity	5,640	4,885	755	5,325	320	5,630	15
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	505	440	65	465	40	490	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	125	125	0	130	0	130	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	560	505	60	530	35	560	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	734,220	604,605	129,615	669,605	64,615	724,510	9,715
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	4,515	3,970	545	4,250	265	4,510	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	745,015	614,175	130,830	679,880	65,135	735,265	9,750
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,775	9,755
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	29,240	25,320	3,915	27,390	1,845	29,045	185
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	21,915	19,010	2,905	20,585	1,335	21,770	140
Métis ancestry	7,280	6,270	1,010	6,800	475	7,260	20
Inuit ancestry	780	640	135	690	80	750	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	720,290	592,820	127,465	656,735	63,550	710,720	9,565
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
First generation^{Footnote 26}	207,470	176,865	30,605	191,950	15,515	205,150	2,315
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	124,905	100,975	23,935	112,610	12,295	123,150	1,755
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	417,155	340,305	76,845	379,560	37,590	411,470	5,685
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,130	65,400	739,770	9,755
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	157,585	139,520	18,070	149,210	8,375	156,565	1,020
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	26,600	22,260	4,340	24,375	2,220	26,300	300
Chinese	27,775	22,940	4,840	25,595	2,180	27,545	230
Black	36,275	33,555	2,720	35,235	1,040	36,195	80
Filipino	8,455	7,885	565	8,280	175	8,440	15
Latin American	8,780	8,055	730	8,395	390	8,720	60
Arab	23,890	21,810	2,085	22,825	1,070	23,680	210
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	11,025	9,845	1,185	10,495	530	10,990	35
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	6,030	5,435	595	5,720	310	5,975	55
Korean	1,630	1,455	175	1,550	80	1,615	0
Japanese	1,495	1,230	265	1,385	110	1,490	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	1,600	1,465	140	1,525	80	1,600	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	4,020	3,595	425	3,835	190	4,005	20
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	591,940	478,625	113,310	534,920	57,025	583,210	8,730
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	749,525	618,145	131,385	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	546,910	444,960	101,945	496,445	50,465	539,340	7,570
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	192,775	163,915	28,855	178,090	14,680	190,695	2,080
Before 1981	59,160	47,205	11,955	52,365	6,800	58,065	1,100
1981 to 1990	32,215	26,765	5,445	29,380	2,835	31,790	430
1991 to 2000	52,030	44,210	7,820	48,595	3,435	51,695	335
2001 to 2009	42,745	39,240	3,510	41,195	1,550	42,540	205
2001 to 2005	23,390	20,920	2,475	22,375	1,015	23,270	125
2006 to 2009	19,355	18,325	1,035	18,820	535	19,275	80
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,755
English	455,140	368,865	86,270	411,240	43,900	448,120	7,020
French	116,360	95,415	20,945	106,620	9,745	115,180	1,180
Non-official language	163,560	140,930	22,630	152,505	11,055	162,075	1,485
Aboriginal	430	375	45	395	30	420	0
Non-Aboriginal	163,130	140,555	22,580	152,105	11,025	161,650	1,480
English and French	3,040	2,765	275	2,890	150	3,030	0
English and non-official language	8,700	7,700	1,000	8,280	420	8,640	55
French and non-official language	2,415	2,175	240	2,290	125	2,415	0
English, French and non-official language	310	295	15	305	0	310	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,130	65,400	739,770	9,755
English	603,090	495,495	107,595	548,795	54,300	594,690	8,405
French	124,640	102,865	21,775	114,560	10,080	123,430	1,210
English and French	13,640	11,770	1,870	12,680	960	13,510	135
Neither English nor French	8,150	8,010	140	8,095	60	8,145	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	749,525	618,145	131,385	684,130	65,400	739,770	9,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	98,430	96,735	1,695	97,680	755	98,320	110
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	177,755	165,170	12,585	172,330	5,425	177,120	640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	473,340	356,245	117,095	414,120	59,220	464,335	9,005
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	213,960	184,665	29,295	201,580	12,380	212,590	1,365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	40,100	36,535	3,565	38,600	1,500	39,895	205
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	143,970	123,725	20,245	135,630	8,335	143,170	795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	29,895	24,410	5,485	27,350	2,545	29,530	365
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	259,380	171,580	87,800	212,540	46,840	251,740	7,640
Bachelor's degree	152,785	108,770	44,015	131,140	21,640	149,735	3,045
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	106,595	62,815	43,780	81,400	25,200	102,010	4,590
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	749,525	618,145	131,385	684,125	65,400	739,770	9,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	276,185	261,900	14,285	270,005	6,180	275,440	750
Education	29,670	22,980	6,695	27,840	1,835	29,530	140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	16,110	14,630	1,475	15,615	495	16,070	35
Humanities	34,040	26,975	7,065	30,910	3,125	33,715	325
Social and behavioural sciences and law	78,600	58,125	20,475	67,705	10,900	76,630	1,970
Business, management and public administration	94,535	70,590	23,945	81,510	13,025	92,325	2,205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,220	17,410	7,810	21,315	3,900	24,770	450
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	32,935	22,185	10,750	27,730	5,210	32,410	525
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	78,760	54,980	23,775	65,400	13,360	77,195	1,565
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,775	5,370	1,405	6,140	635	6,705	70
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	56,115	45,115	10,995	50,715	5,395	54,505	1,605
Personal, protective and transportation services	20,525	17,835	2,685	19,190	1,330	20,415	110
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	60	40	15	50	0	55	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,130	65,400	739,770	9,755
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	196,860	187,775	9,085	193,260	3,600	196,335	525
All industries^{Footnote 54}	552,665	430,370	122,295	490,865	61,805	543,435	9,230
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,125	2,985	145	3,065	60	3,115	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	480	350	130	370	105	440	40
22 Utilities	1,730	1,005	725	1,370	355	1,670	50
23 Construction	25,240	21,850	3,385	23,465	1,775	24,860	385
31-33 Manufacturing	19,245	14,205	5,040	16,260	2,980	18,845	400
41 Wholesale trade	14,425	9,440	4,990	11,110	3,315	13,860	565
44-45 Retail trade	56,345	53,485	2,865	54,910	1,435	56,065	280
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	16,275	13,430	2,850	14,850	1,425	16,065	215
51 Information and cultural industries	14,950	10,745	4,205	12,555	2,395	14,565	385
52 Finance and insurance	18,475	13,510	4,965	15,660	2,815	17,795	680
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	9,470	7,705	1,760	8,435	1,035	9,090	375
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	53,585	35,185	18,400	42,275	11,315	51,215	2,370
55 Management of companies and enterprises	280	200	80	225	60	260	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	21,655	20,220	1,435	20,925	735	21,540	115
61 Educational services	43,390	33,815	9,570	40,370	3,015	43,175	210
62 Health care and social assistance	56,115	46,960	9,155	51,800	4,315	54,820	1,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	11,040	10,375	670	10,690	350	11,015	25
72 Accommodation and food services	35,180	34,530	650	34,850	330	35,115	65
81 Other services (except public administration)	25,815	22,765	3,050	24,285	1,530	25,545	275
91 Public administration	125,850	77,625	48,225	103,395	22,455	124,380	1,470
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	749,525	618,145	131,380	684,130	65,400	739,770	9,755
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	196,860	187,775	9,085	193,265	3,600	196,335	525
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	552,665	430,370	122,300	490,865	61,800	543,435	9,235
0 Management occupations	67,185	34,445	32,745	46,020	21,165	63,695	3,490
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	107,630	89,745	17,880	99,430	8,195	106,310	1,320
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	66,615	39,240	27,370	53,215	13,400	65,600	1,015
3 Health occupations	31,845	24,060	7,785	27,910	3,935	30,505	1,340
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	87,110	62,130	24,975	76,960	10,150	85,760	1,345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	21,995	19,750	2,245	21,195	800	21,940	50
6 Sales and service occupations	117,135	112,240	4,890	114,595	2,540	116,680	455
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	41,360	37,625	3,730	40,075	1,280	41,180	180
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,280	5,130	150	5,195	85	5,260	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,515	6,000	510	6,260	250	6,505	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

Return to footnote 3 referrer

The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56