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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Trois-Rivières
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 19.3 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	126,335	119,390	6,940	123,070	3,260	125,760	570
Male	61,265	55,790	5,475	58,640	2,625	60,825	440
Female	65,075	63,605	1,465	64,435	635	64,945	130
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	126,335	119,395	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,765	570
15 to 24 years	18,900	18,880	20	18,890	0	18,895	0
25 to 54 years	58,960	54,300	4,660	56,850	2,110	58,620	340
25 to 34 years	18,260	17,750	515	18,105	160	18,250	0
35 to 44 years	16,300	14,950	1,350	15,720	585	16,210	90
45 to 54 years	24,395	21,600	2,795	23,030	1,365	24,160	235
55 to 64 years	22,995	21,250	1,745	22,135	860	22,865	125
65 years and over	25,485	24,960	520	25,195	285	25,385	95
65 to 74 years	15,205	14,845	360	14,980	225	15,130	75
75 years and over	10,280	10,115	165	10,215	60	10,255	0
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	126,335	119,390	6,945	123,075	3,265	125,760	570
Married or living with a common-law partner	70,395	64,825	5,565	67,705	2,685	69,955	440
Married (and not separated)	39,860	36,450	3,410	38,160	1,695	39,565	295
Living common law	30,540	28,380	2,160	29,545	990	30,390	145
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	55,940	54,565	1,375	55,370	570	55,810	135
Single (never legally married)	37,010	36,465	545	36,810	195	36,970	40
Separated	1,820	1,725	95	1,790	35	1,815	0
Divorced	10,255	9,695	555	10,005	255	10,190	60
Widowed	6,850	6,675	175	6,765	85	6,825	0
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	126,335	119,395	6,945	123,075	3,260	125,765	570
Total persons in households with at least one census family	95,030	89,060	5,975	92,185	2,850	94,570	465
Married spouses, common-law partners	69,985	64,435	5,545	67,300	2,690	69,545	435
Lone parents	7,105	6,745	360	6,950	150	7,075	25
Children in families with two parents present	10,715	10,695	20	10,715	0	10,715	0
Children in families with one parent present	5,475	5,465	15	5,475	0	5,480	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	1,005	975	30	1,005	0	1,005	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	745	745	0	745	0	750	0
Total persons in non-census family households	31,300	30,330	970	30,890	415	31,195	105
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	1,075	1,055	0	1,060	0	1,060	0
Living with non-relatives only	4,570	4,525	50	4,555	20	4,560	0
Living alone	25,655	24,755	905	25,275	380	25,575	85
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	126,335	119,390	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,765	570
Economic family persons	95,355	89,375	5,985	92,500	2,860	94,880	475
Couple family	81,160	75,585	5,575	78,475	2,695	80,725	435
Couple only	38,915	36,890	2,020	37,900	1,015	38,730	180
Couple with children	41,405	37,870	3,530	39,735	1,665	41,150	255
Couple with other relatives only	845	825	20	830	15	845	0
Lone-parent family	12,245	11,875	370	12,085	155	12,215	25
Female-parent family	9,405	9,240	160	9,340	65	9,390	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	8,995	8,850	145	8,945	55	8,985	0
Male-parent family	2,840	2,630	210	2,745	90	2,825	15
Male-parent family with no other relatives	2,810	2,600	210	2,715	95	2,800	10
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	1,955	1,910	40	1,940	0	1,940	0
Persons not in an economic family	30,975	30,015	960	30,575	400	30,880	95
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	126,335	119,390	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,765	575
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	1,450	1,405	50	1,430	20	1,440	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	880	860	20	865	15	880	0
Métis single identity	495	465	30	490	0	490	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	55	55	0	55	0	55	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	124,880	117,990	6,890	121,645	3,235	124,320	560
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	126,335	119,390	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,765	575
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	385	370	10	375	0	375	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	125,950	119,020	6,930	122,700	3,250	125,390	565
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	126,335	119,395	6,945	123,075	3,260	125,765	570
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	3,285	3,215	70	3,260	30	3,285	0
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	2,985	2,920	75	2,960	30	2,985	0
Métis ancestry	310	310	0	310	0	305	0
Inuit ancestry	25	25	0	30	0	25	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	123,050	116,180	6,870	119,815	3,230	122,480	565
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	126,335	119,390	6,945	123,075	3,260	125,760	570
First generation^{Footnote 26}	4,005	3,820	185	3,895	115	3,975	25
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	2,525	2,385	140	2,455	65	2,515	0
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	119,810	113,190	6,620	116,725	3,085	119,275	540
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	126,335	119,390	6,945	123,070	3,265	125,765	570
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	2,465	2,410	60	2,430	35	2,445	20
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	40	40	0	40	0	40	0
Chinese	175	175	0	175	0	175	0
Black	850	840	0	855	0	855	0
Filipino	70	70	0	70	0	70	0
Latin American	710	700	0	700	0	695	0
Arab	405	395	0	390	0	400	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	90	70	20	80	0	80	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	35	0	35	0	40	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	50	50	0	50	0	50	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	20	15	0	20	0	15	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	123,865	116,985	6,885	120,645	3,220	123,315	550
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	126,330	119,390	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,760	570
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	122,385	115,620	6,760	119,235	3,150	121,840	540
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	3,430	3,260	170	3,325	105	3,405	25
Before 1981	750	710	40	720	30	740	0
1981 to 1990	290	255	30	275	0	290	0
1991 to 2000	520	470	50	485	35	520	0
2001 to 2009	1,635	1,585	45	1,605	25	1,615	15
2001 to 2005	700	660	40	685	20	690	15
2006 to 2009	930	925	0	925	0	925	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	126,335	119,390	6,945	123,075	3,260	125,765	570
English	1,530	1,425	100	1,480	50	1,515	0
French	122,195	115,445	6,750	119,040	3,155	121,655	540
Non-official language	2,310	2,220	85	2,250	55	2,290	20
Aboriginal	20	20	0	20	0	15	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,290	2,200	85	2,235	55	2,270	20
English and French	175	170	0	175	0	175	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	110	110	0	110	0	110	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	126,335	119,395	6,945	123,070	3,260	125,765	575
English	1,590	1,480	110	1,535	55	1,575	0
French	124,265	117,470	6,795	121,090	3,175	123,720	550
English and French	385	340	40	355	30	375	0
Neither English nor French	95	95	0	100	0	100	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	126,335	119,390	6,940	123,070	3,260	125,765	570
No certificate, diploma or degree	26,005	25,850	155	25,915	90	25,990	0
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	27,965	27,275	695	27,660	305	27,930	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	72,365	66,275	6,090	69,500	2,860	71,845	520
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	52,970	49,955	3,010	51,915	1,050	52,820	145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	23,330	22,440	885	23,045	285	23,275	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,605	21,985	1,615	23,060	540	23,550	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	6,035	5,525	510	5,810	225	5,990	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,395	16,315	3,085	17,590	1,810	19,025	370
Bachelor's degree	13,025	11,520	1,510	12,195	830	12,865	160
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	6,375	4,795	1,575	5,395	975	6,160	215
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	126,335	119,390	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,760	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	53,970	53,125	850	53,570	395	53,920	50
Education	6,455	6,230	230	6,355	100	6,455	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,820	1,740	75	1,790	25	1,820	0
Humanities	3,415	3,345	65	3,375	40	3,410	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,535	5,095	430	5,325	210	5,485	40
Business, management and public administration	16,310	15,015	1,295	15,705	610	16,195	120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,405	2,015	390	2,190	215	2,370	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,900	1,765	135	1,825	75	1,885	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	18,420	16,245	2,180	17,410	1,015	18,300	120
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,830	1,710	120	1,770	60	1,830	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	9,245	8,450	795	8,800	445	9,085	160
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,015	4,650	365	4,945	75	4,995	20
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	10	15	0	15	0	10	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	126,330	119,395	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,760	570
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	45,820	45,495	325	45,680	145	45,810	0
All industries^{Footnote 54}	80,510	73,895	6,620	77,395	3,120	79,955	560
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,085	1,065	20	1,070	15	1,080	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	85	80	115	50	150	20
22 Utilities	1,535	760	770	1,105	430	1,495	40
23 Construction	4,675	4,330	340	4,540	135	4,655	20
31-33 Manufacturing	9,700	8,235	1,460	9,180	520	9,665	35
41 Wholesale trade	2,565	2,340	230	2,420	145	2,555	15
44-45 Retail trade	10,990	10,780	205	10,885	100	10,940	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,005	2,890	120	2,960	45	2,990	15
51 Information and cultural industries	1,700	1,540	160	1,625	80	1,690	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,175	1,865	315	2,005	170	2,135	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	935	855	80	900	35	920	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,835	3,360	480	3,570	265	3,785	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	35	15	50	0	50	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,280	3,190	90	3,235	45	3,265	15
61 Educational services	6,930	6,290	640	6,555	375	6,910	0
62 Health care and social assistance	11,555	10,770	785	11,145	415	11,420	140
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,540	1,505	30	1,530	0	1,540	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,835	5,775	60	5,790	45	5,805	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,955	3,835	120	3,915	35	3,940	0
91 Public administration	5,010	4,395	620	4,810	200	4,970	40
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	126,330	119,390	6,940	123,075	3,260	125,765	575
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	45,820	45,495	325	45,675	145	45,810	0
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	80,515	73,895	6,620	77,400	3,115	79,955	560
0 Management occupations	6,730	5,045	1,680	5,735	995	6,580	150
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,810	11,160	650	11,555	255	11,735	80
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,780	3,895	885	4,360	420	4,735	50
3 Health occupations	6,335	5,680	655	5,935	395	6,160	165
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,430	9,495	935	9,995	430	10,375	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,095	2,055	40	2,085	0	2,095	0
6 Sales and service occupations	20,865	20,515	350	20,715	145	20,825	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,055	11,260	795	11,845	210	12,050	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	825	795	30	800	20	820	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,590	3,995	595	4,365	230	4,585	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56