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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Saguenay
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 20.4 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Male	65,270	57,350	7,920	61,820	3,455	64,710	560
Female	66,490	65,065	1,420	65,860	630	66,375	110
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,675	4,080	131,085	675
15 to 24 years	19,160	19,120	35	19,155	0	19,160	0
25 to 54 years	62,840	56,410	6,430	60,240	2,600	62,490	350
25 to 34 years	18,945	18,220	725	18,790	155	18,925	20
35 to 44 years	16,760	14,940	1,825	16,075	690	16,655	110
45 to 54 years	27,135	23,250	3,880	25,375	1,755	26,915	220
55 to 64 years	24,865	22,520	2,345	23,705	1,160	24,705	155
65 years and over	24,895	24,360	535	24,580	315	24,730	165
65 to 74 years	14,995	14,560	435	14,730	265	14,845	150
75 years and over	9,900	9,800	100	9,850	50	9,885	15
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Married or living with a common-law partner	80,430	72,830	7,605	77,025	3,405	79,875	560
Married (and not separated)	48,260	43,300	4,960	45,890	2,370	47,860	395
Living common law	32,180	29,525	2,650	31,135	1,040	32,015	160
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	51,330	49,590	1,735	50,650	675	51,210	115
Single (never legally married)	33,100	32,250	855	32,850	255	33,070	35
Separated	1,645	1,530	115	1,585	60	1,635	0
Divorced	8,990	8,350	640	8,685	305	8,930	65
Widowed	7,590	7,465	130	7,530	55	7,575	0
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Total persons in households with at least one census family	105,985	97,925	8,060	102,375	3,610	105,400	585
Married spouses, common-law partners	80,060	72,515	7,545	76,675	3,385	79,505	555
Lone parents	6,290	5,890	400	6,085	205	6,260	30
Children in families with two parents present	13,065	13,015	50	13,060	0	13,065	0
Children in families with one parent present	4,940	4,895	40	4,925	0	4,935	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	1,010	990	0	1,000	0	1,005	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	630	615	0	625	0	625	0
Total persons in non-census family households	25,775	24,495	1,280	25,305	470	25,690	90
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	1,325	1,310	0	1,320	0	1,325	0
Living with non-relatives only	2,905	2,825	80	2,875	25	2,905	0
Living alone	21,550	20,355	1,190	21,110	440	21,460	90
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	131,760	122,415	9,340	127,675	4,080	131,085	675
Economic family persons	106,680	98,620	8,060	103,070	3,610	106,095	585
Couple family	93,750	86,145	7,610	90,360	3,395	93,200	555
Couple only	42,540	39,420	3,120	41,105	1,430	42,260	275
Couple with children	49,855	45,425	4,440	47,910	1,950	49,580	280
Couple with other relatives only	1,360	1,305	50	1,340	15	1,360	0
Lone-parent family	10,995	10,555	445	10,780	215	10,965	30
Female-parent family	8,285	8,090	200	8,215	70	8,280	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	8,130	7,945	190	8,060	70	8,125	0
Male-parent family	2,705	2,460	245	2,560	145	2,685	25
Male-parent family with no other relatives	2,645	2,395	245	2,500	145	2,620	20
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	1,935	1,925	0	1,930	0	1,935	0
Persons not in an economic family	25,080	23,800	1,280	24,610	470	24,990	90
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	131,755	122,415	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	3,475	3,230	255	3,375	100	3,460	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	1,060	1,005	55	1,050	0	1,060	0
Métis single identity	2,220	2,030	195	2,125	90	2,205	10
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	25	25	0	20	0	25	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	55	45	0	55	0	50	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	125	125	0	125	0	125	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	128,280	119,190	9,085	124,300	3,975	127,625	660
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	131,760	122,415	9,340	127,675	4,080	131,085	675
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	840	785	55	840	0	835	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	130,920	121,635	9,290	126,840	4,075	130,250	670
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	131,755	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	5,300	4,990	310	5,185	110	5,290	10
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	3,825	3,630	200	3,760	65	3,815	10
Métis ancestry	1,550	1,430	125	1,510	45	1,550	0
Inuit ancestry	35	35	0	35	0	35	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	126,460	117,425	9,030	122,490	3,965	125,795	665
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	131,760	122,420	9,345	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
First generation^{Footnote 26}	1,680	1,455	220	1,555	125	1,645	30
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	1,240	1,125	115	1,205	35	1,240	0
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	128,845	119,840	9,005	124,925	3,920	128,200	645
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	865	795	75	835	30	855	0
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	25	20	0	25	0	25	0
Chinese	85	80	0	85	0	90	0
Black	265	255	0	265	0	265	0
Filipino	30	30	0	30	0	30	0
Latin American	165	165	0	170	0	170	0
Arab	185	145	45	160	30	175	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	30	25	0	30	0	30	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	30	30	0	25	0	30	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	130,890	121,620	9,265	126,845	4,050	130,230	660
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,675	4,080	131,085	675
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	130,185	121,060	9,130	126,225	3,955	129,540	645
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	1,375	1,175	205	1,255	120	1,350	25
Before 1981	235	170	65	195	40	220	10
1981 to 1990	205	170	35	185	25	200	0
1991 to 2000	290	275	20	280	0	285	0
2001 to 2009	590	505	80	535	50	580	0
2001 to 2005	265	245	25	260	0	270	0
2006 to 2009	325	260	55	285	40	315	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
English	1,000	885	110	940	60	980	15
French	129,905	120,770	9,130	125,940	3,960	129,265	640
Non-official language	675	605	75	640	40	660	20
Aboriginal	55	55	0	55	0	55	0
Non-Aboriginal	625	550	75	580	40	605	20
English and French	90	70	0	70	0	95	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	80	80	0	80	0	80	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,675	4,080	131,085	670
English	1,020	905	115	960	60	1,005	15
French	130,600	121,385	9,210	126,585	4,015	129,940	655
English and French	125	105	0	120	0	120	0
Neither English nor French	20	15	0	15	0	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	131,760	122,420	9,345	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
No certificate, diploma or degree	26,370	26,045	320	26,260	110	26,360	10
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	25,020	24,155	865	24,705	320	24,995	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	80,370	72,215	8,155	76,710	3,655	79,730	635
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	62,150	57,375	4,775	60,545	1,600	62,070	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	30,885	28,880	2,005	30,190	690	30,870	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25,660	23,570	2,090	25,005	655	25,610	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	5,605	4,920	680	5,350	260	5,590	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,220	14,840	3,375	16,165	2,055	17,660	555
Bachelor's degree	12,770	11,005	1,765	11,770	1,005	12,575	195
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	5,445	3,835	1,610	4,395	1,055	5,080	365
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	51,395	50,200	1,190	50,965	425	51,350	35
Education	6,970	6,710	260	6,905	65	6,965	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,510	1,460	50	1,495	0	1,505	0
Humanities	3,180	3,065	115	3,145	40	3,165	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,440	4,120	315	4,245	190	4,385	55
Business, management and public administration	18,365	16,685	1,680	17,475	890	18,230	135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,135	1,770	360	1,930	200	2,080	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,835	1,635	200	1,745	90	1,835	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	23,065	19,450	3,620	21,620	1,445	22,955	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,075	1,865	210	2,010	60	2,070	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	9,800	8,915	890	9,280	525	9,535	270
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,975	6,520	460	6,835	140	6,975	0
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	25	25	0	25	0	25	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	46,575	46,330	240	46,460	115	46,555	15
All industries^{Footnote 54}	85,185	76,090	9,095	81,220	3,965	84,530	660
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,325	1,280	40	1,300	20	1,325	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	855	500	355	670	190	840	0
22 Utilities	1,110	510	600	845	265	1,095	0
23 Construction	5,860	5,220	640	5,610	255	5,820	40
31-33 Manufacturing	9,615	6,555	3,055	8,510	1,105	9,560	55
41 Wholesale trade	2,505	2,215	285	2,375	125	2,500	0
44-45 Retail trade	12,115	11,675	435	11,880	230	12,075	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,845	2,600	245	2,745	95	2,835	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,190	1,135	55	1,165	25	1,190	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,990	1,750	235	1,835	155	1,970	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,075	995	85	1,055	20	1,075	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,725	4,080	640	4,370	355	4,640	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	45	0	50	0	50	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,105	2,995	115	3,075	30	3,105	0
61 Educational services	7,165	6,560	605	6,915	250	7,145	25
62 Health care and social assistance	10,890	10,065	825	10,415	475	10,615	275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,240	1,205	25	1,230	0	1,235	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,085	6,025	65	6,040	45	6,065	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,580	4,460	120	4,535	40	4,575	0
91 Public administration	6,880	6,205	675	6,595	280	6,820	50
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	131,760	122,420	9,340	127,680	4,080	131,085	675
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	46,570	46,330	240	46,460	115	46,555	15
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	85,190	76,085	9,100	81,220	3,965	84,530	660
0 Management occupations	6,595	4,780	1,820	5,615	985	6,405	195
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,590	11,815	775	12,210	380	12,525	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,855	4,510	1,350	5,210	645	5,800	55
3 Health occupations	5,530	4,805	725	5,075	460	5,260	265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,935	10,170	765	10,590	345	10,880	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,735	1,725	0	1,740	0	1,735	0
6 Sales and service occupations	22,090	21,660	430	21,955	135	22,080	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,620	12,815	1,805	14,030	585	14,600	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,150	1,085	65	1,125	25	1,150	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,095	2,740	1,350	3,685	415	4,085	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56