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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Northwest Territories / Territoires du Nord-Ouest
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 16.1 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 7}	31,750	23,565	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	375
Male	16,075	11,130	4,940	13,180	2,895	15,805	275
Female	15,675	12,435	3,240	14,190	1,490	15,575	100
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 8}	31,755	23,565	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,375	370
15 to 24 years	6,575	6,460	115	6,545	30	6,575	0
25 to 54 years	18,990	12,635	6,360	15,710	3,280	18,750	240
25 to 34 years	6,730	5,095	1,630	6,125	600	6,695	35
35 to 44 years	5,900	3,795	2,110	4,750	1,155	5,830	70
45 to 54 years	6,360	3,740	2,620	4,840	1,525	6,220	140
55 to 64 years	3,990	2,505	1,485	3,060	935	3,885	105
65 years and over	2,195	1,965	230	2,055	140	2,175	20
65 to 74 years	1,510	1,305	205	1,385	125	1,485	25
75 years and over	685	665	25	665	15	685	0
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 9}	31,750	23,565	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	375
Married or living with a common-law partner	17,630	11,495	6,130	14,190	3,435	17,295	335
Married (and not separated)	11,335	6,810	4,525	8,680	2,650	11,030	300
Living common law	6,290	4,685	1,610	5,510	785	6,260	35
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	14,120	12,070	2,050	13,175	950	14,085	45
Single (never legally married)	11,340	10,035	1,310	10,790	550	11,325	10
Separated	715	475	235	565	145	710	0
Divorced	1,235	810	425	1,030	210	1,220	10
Widowed	835	755	80	785	45	825	10
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 10}	31,755	23,570	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	370
Total persons in households with at least one census family	26,555	19,720	6,835	22,795	3,765	26,210	345
Married spouses, common-law partners	17,285	11,265	6,020	13,925	3,360	16,975	315
Lone parents	2,330	1,775	560	2,030	300	2,310	30
Children in families with two parents present	3,865	3,785	70	3,845	20	3,865	0
Children in families with one parent present	1,835	1,790	45	1,820	15	1,835	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 11}	675	615	60	655	25	670	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	565	490	70	520	35	560	0
Total persons in non-census family households	5,200	3,845	1,350	4,575	620	5,170	25
Living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	430	375	55	410	20	430	0
Living with non-relatives only	1,335	1,000	330	1,215	115	1,330	0
Living alone	3,430	2,465	965	2,945	480	3,405	25
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 13}	31,750	23,565	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	370
Economic family persons	26,425	19,610	6,815	22,685	3,745	26,080	345
Couple family	21,640	15,545	6,100	18,260	3,385	21,325	320
Couple only	5,910	3,775	2,135	4,730	1,180	5,810	95
Couple with children	15,325	11,430	3,900	13,160	2,165	15,105	215
Couple with other relatives only	410	335	70	370	35	405	0
Lone-parent family	3,925	3,330	595	3,605	320	3,900	25
Female-parent family	2,920	2,555	365	2,765	155	2,915	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	2,580	2,240	340	2,435	145	2,575	0
Male-parent family	1,005	775	230	840	165	985	15
Male-parent family with no other relatives	890	680	205	735	150	870	15
Other economic family^{Footnote 14}	860	740	120	815	45	850	0
Persons not in an economic family	5,325	3,955	1,370	4,685	640	5,300	25
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	31,755	23,565	8,190	27,370	4,385	31,380	370
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 15}	15,115	12,975	2,140	14,110	1,010	15,060	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 16}	9,420	8,250	1,170	8,920	500	9,395	20
Métis single identity	2,460	1,815	645	2,105	355	2,435	25
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	3,070	2,760	315	2,930	140	3,065	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 17}	25	25	0	30	0	25	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 18}	135	125	15	130	0	135	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	16,635	10,590	6,045	13,260	3,380	16,320	315
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 19}	31,755	23,570	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	370
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 20}	9,505	8,340	1,170	9,010	500	9,480	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,245	15,230	7,015	18,360	3,885	21,900	345
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 21}	31,755	23,570	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	375
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	14,985	12,820	2,160	13,975	1,005	14,925	60
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 23}	10,695	9,210	1,485	10,050	645	10,670	25
Métis ancestry	1,855	1,380	470	1,590	265	1,830	25
Inuit ancestry	3,295	2,965	330	3,145	150	3,285	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 24}	16,770	10,750	6,025	13,390	3,380	16,455	315
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 25}	31,750	23,570	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	370
First generation^{Footnote 26}	3,070	2,295	780	2,610	465	3,020	55
Second generation^{Footnote 27}	2,600	1,660	935	2,100	495	2,550	50
Third generation or more^{Footnote 28}	26,080	19,615	6,470	22,655	3,425	25,815	275
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 29}	31,755	23,565	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	375
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 30}	2,185	1,740	440	1,955	225	2,170	10
South Asian^{Footnote 31}	150	105	40	130	20	145	0
Chinese	305	225	75	260	45	300	0
Black	445	325	115	375	70	450	0
Filipino	705	615	85	675	25	700	0
Latin American	95	70	30	80	15	95	0
Arab	75	65	10	65	10	75	0
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 32}	190	145	45	160	30	185	0
West Asian^{Footnote 33}	60	50	0	50	0	50	0
Korean	35	30	0	35	0	40	0
Japanese	35	20	15	25	10	35	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 34}	60	55	0	60	0	65	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 35}	30	25	0	30	0	30	0
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 36}	29,570	21,825	7,745	25,410	4,155	29,210	360
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 37}	31,750	23,570	8,185	27,370	4,380	31,380	370
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 38}	28,740	21,305	7,435	24,795	3,945	28,415	325
Immigrants^{Footnote 39}	2,690	1,970	720	2,270	425	2,650	45
Before 1981	695	425	280	505	190	675	20
1981 to 1990	325	225	100	270	60	320	0
1991 to 2000	585	435	150	525	60	585	0
2001 to 2009	885	700	185	780	105	880	0
2001 to 2005	440	335	105	385	60	435	0
2006 to 2009	440	365	85	395	45	445	0
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 40}	31,750	23,570	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	375
English	23,200	16,530	6,665	19,590	3,605	22,880	320
French	970	635	330	790	180	950	15
Non-official language	7,300	6,145	1,150	6,725	575	7,265	35
Aboriginal	4,865	4,285	580	4,615	245	4,860	10
Non-Aboriginal	2,435	1,860	575	2,110	325	2,410	25
English and French	15	10	10	10	10	15	0
English and non-official language	260	235	25	250	10	260	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 41}	31,750	23,565	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	370
English	30,550	22,695	7,860	26,340	4,215	30,195	355
French	945	620	320	770	170	925	20
English and French	65	60	0	60	0	60	0
Neither English nor French	195	190	0	195	0	195	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 42}	31,750	23,565	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,860	9,270	590	9,610	250	9,850	10
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 43}	6,520	5,315	1,210	5,940	580	6,475	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 44}	15,365	8,980	6,385	11,820	3,550	15,055	320
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,725	6,345	3,380	7,965	1,760	9,620	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 45}	3,190	2,075	1,105	2,610	580	3,155	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,810	3,825	1,980	4,820	985	5,750	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 46}	725	440	295	535	195	715	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,645	2,635	3,005	3,850	1,790	5,425	215
Bachelor's degree	4,000	2,050	1,955	2,960	1,040	3,900	100
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	1,645	590	1,050	890	750	1,525	115
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 48}	31,750	23,565	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 49}	16,385	14,585	1,800	15,550	835	16,330	55
Education	1,385	700	685	1,005	380	1,380	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	320	260	60	290	30	315	0
Humanities	735	485	255	620	115	735	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,455	850	605	1,075	375	1,415	45
Business, management and public administration	3,200	1,960	1,235	2,545	650	3,135	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	665	310	355	470	195	655	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	325	185	135	240	75	325	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,505	1,900	1,605	2,580	930	3,415	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	495	235	265	355	140	490	0
Health and related fields^{Footnote 50}	1,690	975	715	1,300	390	1,620	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,585	1,120	465	1,320	265	1,570	15
Other fields of study^{Footnote 51}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 52}	31,750	23,570	8,185	27,370	4,385	31,380	370
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 53}	6,740	6,645	100	6,700	45	6,740	0
All industries^{Footnote 54}	25,010	16,925	8,085	20,665	4,345	24,640	375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	170	10	175	0	180	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,545	740	810	1,040	505	1,495	45
22 Utilities	290	120	170	185	105	280	10
23 Construction	2,110	1,640	475	1,870	240	2,100	15
31-33 Manufacturing	205	175	30	180	25	200	0
41 Wholesale trade	380	260	115	310	70	370	10
44-45 Retail trade	2,405	2,100	300	2,250	155	2,375	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,850	1,370	480	1,610	240	1,825	25
51 Information and cultural industries	520	345	175	435	85	520	0
52 Finance and insurance	375	240	135	305	65	360	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	450	300	150	365	80	445	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	960	630	335	720	245	910	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	70	45	30	50	20	65	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	735	620	115	685	45	730	10
61 Educational services	1,845	1,035	805	1,385	460	1,830	15
62 Health care and social assistance	2,225	1,505	715	1,835	395	2,175	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	390	325	60	365	25	385	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,270	1,200	70	1,250	25	1,270	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	905	685	225	795	115	900	0
91 Public administration	6,315	3,430	2,890	4,865	1,455	6,240	80
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 55}	31,755	23,570	8,185	27,365	4,385	31,380	370
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 56}	6,740	6,640	95	6,700	45	6,740	0
All occupations^{Footnote 57}	25,010	16,925	8,090	20,670	4,345	24,640	375
0 Management occupations	3,070	1,335	1,735	1,855	1,215	2,905	165
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,420	3,145	1,275	3,915	510	4,385	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,815	810	1,010	1,275	545	1,780	40
3 Health occupations	1,105	580	520	810	295	1,045	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,025	2,295	1,735	3,100	925	3,995	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	605	535	80	570	40	610	0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,635	4,350	285	4,520	115	4,615	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,260	3,150	1,110	3,755	500	4,245	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	750	530	220	615	130	745	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	320	200	115	250	70	315	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

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The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

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Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

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Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 19

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Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 23

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Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 56