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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

Data table

Select data categories for this table

Geography Geographic index

Income statistics in 2010 (3B)^{Footnote 1}

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique^{Footnote 2}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 3} = 26.1 %
Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 4	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 7	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^{Footnote 8}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
Male	1,775,440	1,528,760	246,685	1,647,225	128,220	1,749,425	26,020
Female	1,871,395	1,771,395	100,000	1,829,480	41,920	1,864,995	6,405
Total - Age groups^{Footnote 9}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,140	3,614,415	32,425
15 to 24 years	549,720	547,905	1,810	549,040	680	549,670	50
25 to 54 years	1,845,690	1,615,705	229,990	1,736,655	109,040	1,827,215	18,480
25 to 34 years	558,250	522,980	35,265	545,150	13,100	557,130	1,115
35 to 44 years	588,955	504,850	84,105	549,145	39,805	582,430	6,525
45 to 54 years	698,495	587,875	110,620	642,360	56,135	687,660	10,835
55 to 64 years	605,925	523,945	81,980	563,320	42,600	596,785	9,135
65 years and over	645,505	612,600	32,905	627,685	17,820	640,745	4,765
65 to 74 years	366,655	344,505	22,150	354,625	12,030	363,480	3,175
75 years and over	278,850	268,095	10,760	273,065	5,785	277,265	1,590
Population in private households by marital status^{Footnote 10}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,140	3,614,415	32,420
Married or living with a common-law partner	2,148,715	1,877,545	271,175	2,011,180	137,530	2,121,425	27,295
Married (and not separated)	1,829,330	1,591,205	238,120	1,706,830	122,500	1,804,415	24,910
Living common law	319,385	286,335	33,050	304,355	15,035	317,005	2,380
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,498,125	1,422,615	75,510	1,465,525	32,605	1,492,990	5,130
Single (never legally married)	985,820	951,020	34,800	971,945	13,880	984,010	1,820
Separated	96,370	86,895	9,470	92,270	4,100	95,695	680
Divorced	238,975	215,990	22,980	228,440	10,535	237,255	1,715
Widowed	176,955	168,705	8,250	172,865	4,090	176,035	920
Total - Household living arrangements^{Footnote 11}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
Total persons in households with at least one census family	2,963,365	2,670,890	292,475	2,817,310	146,055	2,934,875	28,490
Married spouses, common-law partners	2,107,040	1,838,600	268,435	1,970,975	136,065	2,080,090	26,945
Lone parents	185,190	170,660	14,535	178,905	6,285	184,210	985
Children in families with two parents present	399,310	395,820	3,485	398,000	1,305	399,145	165
Children in families with one parent present	155,480	152,990	2,490	154,485	990	155,305	170
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^{Footnote 12}	64,130	62,590	1,540	63,555	575	63,990	140
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	52,215	50,220	1,990	51,380	835	52,130	85
Total persons in non-census family households	683,475	629,265	54,210	659,400	24,080	679,540	3,935
Living with relatives^{Footnote 13}	33,360	31,995	1,360	32,860	495	33,280	80
Living with non-relatives only	152,905	146,480	6,420	150,510	2,395	152,485	420
Living alone	497,215	450,790	46,425	476,030	21,185	493,780	3,435
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^{Footnote 14}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,420
Economic family persons	2,944,500	2,652,660	291,845	2,798,785	145,720	2,916,020	28,485
Couple family	2,546,490	2,274,330	272,160	2,409,140	137,350	2,519,365	27,125
Couple only	949,455	847,630	101,825	898,635	50,820	938,915	10,540
Couple with children	1,551,880	1,384,490	167,395	1,466,815	85,065	1,535,580	16,300
Couple with other relatives only	45,155	42,210	2,945	43,695	1,460	44,875	280
Lone-parent family	319,290	302,900	16,390	312,310	6,980	318,140	1,145
Female-parent family	254,070	244,040	10,030	250,255	3,810	253,460	610
Female-parent family with no other relatives	234,715	225,205	9,510	231,050	3,660	234,120	590
Male-parent family	65,225	58,860	6,365	62,050	3,170	64,685	535
Male-parent family with no other relatives	60,600	54,420	6,180	57,520	3,080	60,080	520
Other economic family^{Footnote 15}	78,725	75,430	3,295	77,330	1,390	78,510	210
Persons not in an economic family	702,335	647,495	54,840	677,920	24,420	698,395	3,940
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,700	170,135	3,614,415	32,420
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 16}	171,615	163,815	7,800	168,490	3,120	171,240	375
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 17}	112,095	108,445	3,650	110,790	1,300	111,950	140
Métis single identity	53,505	49,790	3,715	51,895	1,610	53,280	225
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	1,090	1,065	25	1,075	15	1,085	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 18}	1,610	1,530	85	1,590	30	1,615	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 19}	3,320	2,985	330	3,145	175	3,305	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,475,230	3,136,345	338,885	3,308,215	167,015	3,443,180	32,050
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 20}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,700	170,140	3,614,420	32,425
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 21}	90,500	87,795	2,705	89,450	1,045	90,395	105
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,556,340	3,212,365	343,980	3,387,250	169,090	3,524,020	32,320
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 22}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 23}	197,925	187,030	10,900	193,465	4,460	197,275	650
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^{Footnote 24}	150,535	143,150	7,385	147,585	2,950	150,055	480
Métis ancestry	51,545	47,695	3,850	49,895	1,650	51,375	170
Inuit ancestry	1,730	1,660	70	1,690	35	1,720	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 25}	3,448,915	3,113,125	335,785	3,283,240	165,675	3,417,145	31,770
Total - Generation status^{Footnote 26}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,420	32,420
First generation^{Footnote 27}	1,209,350	1,115,515	93,835	1,161,280	48,065	1,199,555	9,795
Second generation^{Footnote 28}	785,320	705,695	79,625	746,500	38,825	777,630	7,690
Third generation or more^{Footnote 29}	1,652,170	1,478,945	173,225	1,568,920	83,250	1,637,230	14,935
Total - Population by visible minority^{Footnote 30}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,420
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 31}	963,550	905,380	58,170	935,885	27,665	958,620	4,925
South Asian^{Footnote 32}	245,510	230,915	14,600	238,515	6,995	244,310	1,200
Chinese	376,265	351,600	24,665	364,075	12,190	373,990	2,275
Black	23,510	21,955	1,555	22,925	585	23,420	90
Filipino	100,670	96,015	4,655	99,090	1,580	100,490	180
Latin American	29,995	28,555	1,445	29,410	590	29,925	70
Arab	10,870	9,995	870	10,405	460	10,795	75
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 33}	42,125	40,340	1,780	41,330	790	41,975	150
West Asian^{Footnote 34}	33,435	31,175	2,260	32,295	1,135	33,155	280
Korean	44,620	42,670	1,945	43,625	990	44,420	200
Japanese	30,780	28,125	2,655	29,345	1,435	30,530	250
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 35}	4,850	4,420	430	4,575	270	4,780	70
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 36}	20,930	19,615	1,315	20,295	630	20,835	85
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 37}	2,683,290	2,394,775	288,515	2,540,820	142,470	2,655,795	27,495
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 38}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 39}	2,448,855	2,194,450	254,405	2,325,945	122,905	2,426,020	22,835
Immigrants^{Footnote 40}	1,139,255	1,049,715	89,540	1,093,345	45,910	1,130,040	9,210
Before 1981	384,550	344,075	40,485	362,840	21,715	379,615	4,940
1981 to 1990	156,450	141,880	14,570	149,245	7,200	155,035	1,410
1991 to 2000	301,145	281,580	19,565	291,725	9,420	299,510	1,635
2001 to 2009	259,705	245,915	13,790	252,780	6,925	258,600	1,105
2001 to 2005	142,780	134,605	8,175	138,840	3,935	142,225	545
2006 to 2009	116,930	111,310	5,615	113,935	2,995	116,370	555
Total - Mother tongue^{Footnote 41}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,700	170,140	3,614,415	32,425
English	2,527,535	2,256,155	271,375	2,394,080	133,455	2,501,925	25,610
French	51,180	45,080	6,100	48,105	3,070	50,635	540
Non-official language	1,018,985	952,895	66,080	986,825	32,160	1,012,940	6,040
Aboriginal	8,320	8,170	150	8,265	55	8,315	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,010,660	944,725	65,935	978,560	32,100	1,004,625	6,035
English and French	2,785	2,590	195	2,650	135	2,770	0
English and non-official language	44,595	41,820	2,775	43,370	1,230	44,390	200
French and non-official language	1,540	1,390	145	1,460	75	1,520	0
English, French and non-official language	235	220	0	220	0	235	0
Total - First official language spoken^{Footnote 42}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
English	3,468,340	3,130,370	337,970	3,302,725	165,620	3,436,770	31,570
French	48,710	42,755	5,955	45,690	3,015	48,155	555
English and French	12,950	11,935	1,015	12,390	560	12,845	105
Neither English nor French	116,840	115,090	1,745	115,900	940	116,640	195
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 43}	3,646,835	3,300,150	346,685	3,476,705	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	607,655	593,920	13,740	601,555	6,100	606,670	985
High school diploma or equivalent^{Footnote 44}	1,009,400	958,150	51,250	985,940	23,455	1,005,565	3,830
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 45}	2,029,785	1,748,085	281,695	1,889,205	140,580	2,002,180	27,605
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,223,815	1,103,880	119,940	1,169,585	54,235	1,215,975	7,845
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^{Footnote 46}	387,455	349,280	38,170	371,045	16,410	385,485	1,970
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	628,115	567,565	60,550	600,495	27,625	624,130	3,990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^{Footnote 47}	208,245	187,035	21,210	198,045	10,200	206,365	1,880
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	805,965	644,205	161,760	719,620	86,340	786,200	19,770
Bachelor's degree	511,245	428,120	83,125	467,945	43,295	501,595	9,645
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Footnote 48}	294,725	216,090	78,635	251,675	43,050	284,600	10,120
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^{Footnote 49}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,700	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Footnote 50}	1,617,055	1,552,065	64,990	1,587,500	29,555	1,612,240	4,815
Education	149,980	130,160	19,820	144,430	5,550	149,255	725
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	89,230	83,190	6,045	86,785	2,445	88,820	415
Humanities	120,335	108,075	12,260	114,555	5,785	119,290	1,045
Social and behavioural sciences and law	209,655	179,025	30,625	191,875	17,780	205,445	4,205
Business, management and public administration	412,335	354,195	58,140	379,060	33,275	404,275	8,065
Physical and life sciences and technologies	79,980	65,635	14,345	72,445	7,535	78,455	1,520
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	72,705	60,800	11,905	67,110	5,590	71,905	800
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	421,110	348,560	72,555	385,145	35,970	415,645	5,465
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	49,275	42,920	6,355	46,555	2,720	48,940	330
Health and related fields^{Footnote 51}	308,880	270,030	38,855	289,660	19,220	304,405	4,480
Personal, protective and transportation services	116,020	105,250	10,775	111,310	4,710	115,465	555
Other fields of study^{Footnote 52}	270	250	20	260	0	270	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^{Footnote 53}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,705	170,140	3,614,415	32,425
Industry - Not applicable^{Footnote 54}	1,117,090	1,094,935	22,150	1,106,240	10,845	1,114,625	2,460
All industries^{Footnote 55}	2,529,755	2,205,220	324,535	2,370,460	159,290	2,499,795	29,960
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	69,625	63,625	6,000	67,375	2,255	69,345	285
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	27,395	15,800	11,590	20,645	6,745	26,160	1,235
22 Utilities	14,010	7,645	6,370	10,080	3,935	13,565	445
23 Construction	197,750	174,295	23,450	185,925	11,820	195,420	2,330
31-33 Manufacturing	160,575	136,475	24,100	149,100	11,480	158,750	1,825
41 Wholesale trade	96,590	80,510	16,080	87,510	9,080	94,855	1,735
44-45 Retail trade	296,380	280,885	15,495	288,835	7,545	295,195	1,180
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	127,505	110,155	17,355	119,155	8,345	126,335	1,175
51 Information and cultural industries	67,445	55,380	12,060	61,715	5,730	66,480	965
52 Finance and insurance	98,120	77,405	20,715	85,700	12,425	94,500	3,625
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	59,865	50,200	9,665	54,425	5,440	58,300	1,560
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	195,535	153,710	41,825	170,160	25,375	189,755	5,775
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,765	2,135	630	2,345	415	2,590	175
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	110,630	105,270	5,355	107,840	2,785	110,055	570
61 Educational services	185,020	154,045	30,975	174,595	10,430	183,785	1,235
62 Health care and social assistance	268,325	235,330	33,000	253,055	15,270	264,755	3,575
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	66,750	64,090	2,655	65,390	1,360	66,425	325
72 Accommodation and food services	205,270	201,595	3,670	203,480	1,795	204,900	370
81 Other services (except public administration)	123,925	115,815	8,100	120,220	3,705	123,440	480
91 Public administration	156,265	120,835	35,435	142,910	13,355	155,180	1,095
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^{Footnote 56}	3,646,840	3,300,155	346,685	3,476,700	170,135	3,614,415	32,425
Occupation - Not applicable^{Footnote 57}	1,117,090	1,094,935	22,150	1,106,240	10,850	1,114,625	2,465
All occupations^{Footnote 58}	2,529,750	2,205,220	324,535	2,370,460	159,290	2,499,790	29,960
0 Management occupations	279,055	196,515	82,535	228,850	50,210	267,190	11,870
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	404,035	363,900	40,135	383,445	20,590	399,480	4,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	164,755	121,310	43,450	143,465	21,295	161,920	2,835
3 Health occupations	157,800	128,360	29,440	143,490	14,315	154,290	3,515
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	291,750	240,620	51,130	272,285	19,465	288,325	3,425
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	89,610	84,525	5,090	87,090	2,520	89,145	470
6 Sales and service occupations	626,345	607,790	18,550	617,190	9,160	624,790	1,550
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	364,580	323,685	40,895	348,665	15,915	363,250	1,330
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70,180	64,815	5,365	67,855	2,320	69,990	190
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	81,635	73,700	7,935	78,130	3,505	81,415	220

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

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Footnote 2

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 3

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Return to footnote 4 referrer

The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

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Footnote 6

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

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Footnote 7

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

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Footnote 8

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

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Footnote 9

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

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Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 13

Non-relatives may be present.

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Footnote 14

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

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Footnote 15

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

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Footnote 16

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 17

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

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Footnote 18

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 19

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 22

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 23

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 24

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 26

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 27

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 28

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 29

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 30

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

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Footnote 31

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 32

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 33

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 34

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 35

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 37

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 38

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

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Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

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Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

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Footnote 41

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 42

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

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Footnote 43

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 44

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 45

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 46

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 47

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 48

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 49

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 50

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 51

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 52

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 53

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 54

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 55

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 56

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

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Footnote 57